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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Taxonomy
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Classification of species
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Kingdom Animal Classification
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1)Multicellular
2)Heterotrophic 3)Diploid Life cycle 4)Hapeoid |
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Heterotrophic
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Organisms that cannot synthesize/make organic compounds from inorganic compounds
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Diploid Life cycle
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Full complimant of genetic material; 46 chromosomes
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Hapeoid
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Gametes only calls that are hapeoid in animals, only stage hapeoid in life cycle of humans is zygote stage. 1/2 of full compliment of genetic material; 23 chromosomes
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Phylum Chordata (Chordate)
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1)Noto chord
2)Dorsal Hollow Nerve cord 3)Pharyngeal pouches 4)Body cavities |
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Noto Chord
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Flexible rod that has a support function during embryology (only exists in fetus) is a remnant of it.
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Dorsal Hollow Nerve cord
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Develops into the brain/spinal cord
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Ventricles
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Chambers inside the brain
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Central canal
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Cavity inside of the brain
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Metabolism
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The chemical reactions that occue in an organism
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Pharangeal Pouch
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Evaginations of the pharangeal regions of the embryo - develops into auditory/eustacian tubes>from throad to middle ear cavity.
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Body cavities
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Dorsal (back) ventral (front)
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Cranial Cavitiy
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Houses the cranium (brain)
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Vertebral cavity
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Houses spinal cord - also a specific dorsal cavity
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Coelmate
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Results from the splitting of the mesodern - ventral body cavities
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Thoracic Cavity
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Lungs located here. Located above the diaphram, R/L Plueral cavities, (two cavities completely separate of one another) - for survival; Peri cardial cavity and mediastiom
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Mediastiom
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Inter plueral space-located between r/l plueral cavity - thymus located here
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Peri Cardial cavity
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Houses the heart
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Abdominopelvic cavity
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(pelvic->)reproductive organs, r/l pelvic bones, hip bones, urinary, sigmoud colon, rectum, ovaries, uterus, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, parts of ductus deferens (Abdo->)stomach, spleen, liver, pancreas, small intestine and most large intestine
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Kingdom-Phylum-Subphylum-Class-Order-Family-genus
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Animalia-Chordata-Vertebrata-Mammals-Primates-Hominidae-Homosapians (Human classification
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Cytology
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Study of cells, parts of cells (organelles)
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Cells
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Two main parts-nucleus and cytoplasm.
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Chromatin
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Chemistry - DNA, heredity, material of the cell
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Genes
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Found in nucleus when calls aren't dividing
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Nucleus
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Function: Regulate cell activity
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Nuclear Envelope
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Another name for nuclear membrane (contains the nucleoplasm)
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Glycogen
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Technical name for blood sugar, c6h1206, polysaccaride, polymer of glucose(monosaccaride) (chain)
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Cytoplasm
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Two parts 1) cytosol - water like membrane, lot of metabolic activity 2) organelles except the nucleus
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Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (Rough ER)
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Ribosomes attatched - organized membrane, site of protein synthesis
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Ribosomes
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Where protein is held in the cells
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Golgi complex
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part of endomembrane system-where molecules are modified and processed
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Cytoskeleton
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Gives the cell it's shape (maintains cell shape)
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Mitichondrion
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"Powerhouse of the cell" - Produces ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate) ATP>ADP + Pi, energy released when this metabolism occues
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)
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Lipids produced here
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Lysosome
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Small organelles - membranes outside, digestive enzymes on the inside - significant organelle
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Enzymes
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Proteins - speed up the metabolism, digestive enzymes
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Pancreas
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One of the jobs is to produce a variety of digestive enzymes
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Centrosome
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Plays important role in cell production
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Microvilla
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Extensions of the cell membrane to generate a lot of surface area-cells that tend to have it are secretory cells
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Tissue
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Organisms have a cellular organization - group of cells, very similar, working together to perform specific functions
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Types of tissues
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1) Epethelial
2) Connective 3) Muscular 4) Nervous |
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Epithelial tissue
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Protection, infection, absorption, excretion, avascular(no blood vessels), reception of environmental stimuli, covers surface, exposed to atmosphere, including mouth and respitory, secretion
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Specific types of epithelial tissue
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Cuboidal (cubed cells), squamous (flattened out), stratified squamous (cells on top of cells), columnar (longer than wide) llll
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Cilia
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hairlike parts of the cell
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Flagellum
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flagellum : longer hairs
Cillium: Part of cell/organells hairlike, cells, ability to move |
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Goblet cells
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Create a mucous secretion that typically functions as a lubricant
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Muscular tissue
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Producing various kinds of movement, internal/externam
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Types of muscular tissue
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1)Cardiac
2)Smooth - Involuntary muscle, walls of digestive tract 3)Straited - skeletal/voluntary |
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Cardiac muscle tissue
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Nucleic tends to be central, intercalcated disc, strengthens muscle, aides in nerve impulse conduction in heart
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Muscles
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Can be called fibrous instead of cells; a lot of heat enery (temp-body) is related to muscles, 85% of heat comes from muscular activity
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Nervous tissue
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Causes body activity in response to environemental stimuli, responds to stimuli, conducts information in the form of nerve impulses
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Nervous tissue (types)
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1)Dendrite - towards cell
2)Cell body (periKarxon) 3)Axon - away from cell |
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Parenchyma
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The tissue characteristic of an organ, as distinguished from associated connective or supporting tissues.
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Disorder-nerve
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Brain tumor (gleoma) results from neurological tissue
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Connective tissue
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Cellular and noncellular part (noncellular called "matrix) - support and protection (ex:bone) Adipose, bone, ligament, loose aerolar, vascular (blood)
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Adipose
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Fat
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Matrix of blood
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Plasma
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Cartilages
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Fibro, elastic (elastin protein fibers), and hyaline "chondrosites"
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Stroma
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Fill, "support", connective tissue
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