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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the most mature follicle? |
GRAAFIAN
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Spermatozoa survive up to about, how many hours in a female?
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48 hours
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Which muscle forms part of the spermatic cord?
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Cremaster muscle
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___________ stimulates _________ to secrete testosterone?
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LH/ Leydig cells
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The midpiece of male spermatozoa contains?
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Mitochondria
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produces ATP for sperm.
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Which part of the male accessory glands secrete a milky fluid that is rich in fructos and clotting proteins?
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Seminal Vesicles
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Inhibin secreted by Sertoli cells has negative feedback and lowers FSH? (TRUE OR FALSE)
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TRUE
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Testosterone does all of the below except?
A)stimulates male sex organ development B)Stimulates development of male secondary sex char. C) increase libido D) Stimulates leydig cells |
D) Leydig cells produce testosterone.
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The pH. of semen is?
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7.2 - 7.6
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What chemical is released by parasympathetics during erection?
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Nitic oxide
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What is a symptom of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
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Decrease in urine stream, hesitancy
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Hyperplasia is an enlargement of the prostate that occurs with aging.
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The primary oocyte has ___ chromosomes?
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46
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The state (stage) of the egg in primordial follicles is?
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prophase meiosis I
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The epithelial cells in a primary follicle are also called?
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granulosa cells
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If twenty primary follicles form per month, you would expect that 40 secondary follicles for each month? (true or false)
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False
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Cervical mucus becomes thin and elastic at about 7 and 8 days of the menstrual cycle? (true and false)
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False, it's midcycle
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The layer of the endometrium that is shed each months is the?
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stratum functionalis
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pelvic inflammatory disease may spread up into the uterin tubes, causing permenent scarring? (true or false)
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TRUE
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A major factor that increases the risk of breast cancer is?
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a long length of time between onset of menses and the first pregnancy
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declining of which hormone, constricts the spiral arterioles in the endometrium of menstration?
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declining progesterone
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Declining of which hormone?
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Which hormone is the main factor that stimulates the corpus luteum during the second half of the cycle?
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LH
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Which level of estrogen has postive feedback on LH levels?
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high levels of estrogen
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the highest estrogen levels of a typical menstrual cycle occur?
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just after ovulation
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In a postmenopausal woman, adipose tissue converts androstenedione to estrone, which is a major source of her circulating estrogens. Ovarian secretion of estradiol is minimal. (true or false)
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TRUE
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IF fertilization occurs, _____ secreted during early pregnancy stimulates the corupus luteum to produce _______ & _______?
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hCG / estrogen & progesterone
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what is the name for the top, dome shaped region of the uterus?
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fundus
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ovarian pain of ovulation is called?
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Mittelschmerz
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which hormone causes salt and water retention in females, increased motility of the fallopian tubes, and development of female secondary sex characteristics?
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estrogen
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uterine cycles, days 6-13 are called?
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proliferative phase
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which hormone changes the endometrium from a proliferativing structure to a secretory structure?
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progesterone
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in primordial follicles, what phase is the primary oocyte stuck in for many years?
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prophse meiosis I
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which female sex hormone is given to postmenopausal females to decrease the risk of osteoporosis?
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estrogen
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if timed from the first (1) day of the last menstrual period, the average normal pregnancy averages _____ weeks?
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40
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the process by which ejaculated spermatozoa actually become capable of fertilization in the female is called?
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Capacitation
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the early sources of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy are?
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corpus luteum
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Once a spermatozoa penetrates an egg, the egg normally becomes impenetrable by other spermatozoa? (true or false)
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true
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the embryonic period lasts through week ____ of development?
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8
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what secrete hCG?
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chorion
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think about the name of the hormone...
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a fetus breathing amniotic fluid in and out is?
a) a sign of fetal distress or b) normal? |
b) normal
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there are normally _______ umbilical arterie(s)?
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2
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what is the main source of a woman's estrogen and progesterone during the last few months of pregnancy?
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placenta
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what does not cross the placenta?
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maternal IgM antibody (too large)
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which hormone does not stimulate maintenance of the endometrium and/or breast development during pregnancy?
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relaxin
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what is the name of the condition during pregnancy that results in seizures and coma?
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eclampsia
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what happens to cardiac output and heart rate, during pregnancy?
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increases by 20 to 30%, and hr increases by 10 to 15%
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which hormone causes increases synthesis of oxytocin receptors in the myometrium?
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estrogen
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which hormone antagonizes the lactating effects of prolactin late in pregnancy?
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oxytocin
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The cervic does not dilate to 10 cm., until the end of the second stage of labor? (true or false)
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false, dilates to 10cm. at the end of the first stage, the end of the second stage the baby has been born.
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which stage involves actual delivery of the placenta?
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third
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which hormone cause decreased cell glucose uptake and increased lipolysis in the mother?
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hCS (human chorionic somatomammatropin)
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fetuses often have enough surfactant for survival in the outside world by the end of week?
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28, about 7 months
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the hormone that causes milk letdown is?
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oxytocin
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the cloudy fluid secreted during the first three days of nursing is called?
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colostrum
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if you are talking about the chromosomes in an individual, they are paired: you have 23 pairs... one member of each pair came from your mother, the other from your father. the chromosomes of a pair that contain genes are the same traits are called?
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homologous
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"...that contain genes for the SAME traits..."
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say B=brown eyes and b=blue eyes. say two heterozygous parents mate. the woman gets pregnant. what is the probability that she will have homozygous dominant child (BB)?
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1/4
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work it out using Punnets square.
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which law of inheritance is the principle of independent assortment?
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second
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aging may cause damage to microtubules involved in separation of chromosomes during meisosis; the result may be trisomy 21. (true or false)
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true
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Downs syndrome
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which syndrome is 47, XXY?
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Klinefelters
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which syndrome is XO?
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Turners
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translocation from part of chromosome 22 to 9 may result in ?
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Leukemia
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what type of cancer?
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which genetic disorder is autosomal recessive, and is controlled by dietary restriction of a certain amino acid?
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phenylketonuria
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if 45, X produces Turner syndrome and 47 XXY produces Klinefelter syndrome, which statment is true regarding the number of sex chromosomes responsible for producing males & females?
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one Y chromosome is necessary to produce a male
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what must you have to produce a male?
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a cell that has one or more chromosome of a set added or deleted is called?
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aneuploid
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what is the genotype of someone with sickle trait?
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HbAHbS
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which condition promotes sickling of red cells?
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low oxygen
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low ____________?
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dartos and cremaster muscle will, _____________ in response to low temperatures?
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contract
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which of the following cells create the blood-teste barrier?
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sertoli cells
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one primary spermatocyte will create _______ spermatids?
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4
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primary spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes are both ________________?
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haploid
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haploid or diploid
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most mitochondria are found in which region of the sperm?
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midpiece
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LH directly _____________ testosterone release?
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increases
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what is LH?
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sterocilia are found in which region of the male reproductive tract?
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epididymis
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ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct epididymis or seminal vesicle; which does sperm not pass through?
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seminal vesicle
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what is the source of sperm ATP?
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fructose
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GnRH affects which part of the pituitary gland?
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anterior
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which hormone causes the development of the corpus luteum?
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LH
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