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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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normal bld pH =
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7.35-7.45
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Arterial bld pH=
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7.4
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Venous bld pH=
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7.35
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arterial bld pH rises above 7.45
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alkalosis
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arterial pH drops below 7.35
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acidosis
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concentration of hydrogen ions is regulated sequentiall by:
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chemical buffer system, the respiratory system, and the renal system.
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acts within seconds
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chemical buffer system
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acts within 1-3 min.
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the respiratory system
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requires hours to days to affect pH changes.
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the renal system
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the chemical buffer system has 2 other systems what are they and which one is the most important?
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Bicarbonate Buffer System, and Proteins. The most important is proteins.
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As more carbondioxide accumulates, so do hydrogen ions, resulting in _______.
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acidosis
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_____________: respiratory rate and depth are INCREASED to ELIMINATE more carbondioxide and LOWER hydrogen ions and RAISE bld pH.
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to compensate for Acidosis
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_____________: resportartory rate and depth are DECREASED to ACCUMULATE more carbondioxide and RAISE hydrogen ions and LOWER bld pH.
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to compensate for Alkalosis
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____________ can tie up excess acids or bases, but they cannnot eliminate them from the body
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chemical buffers.
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the lungs can eliminate carbonic acid by _________ __________.
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eliminating carbon dioxide
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ONLY the kidneys can rid the body of ________ as well as _____________.
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Hydrogen ions, metabolic acids.
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the ultimate acid-base regulatory organs are the ___________.
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kidneys.
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_________________: the kidneys reabsorb more HCO3 ions and secrete more H ions to LOWER H and INCREASE pH.
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to compensate for Acidosis
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__________________: the kidsneys reabsorb more H ions and secrete more HCO3 ions to INCREASE H and LOWER pH.
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to compensate for Alkalosis
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respiratory Acidosis: bld pH is below
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7.35
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_____________ is due to DECREASED CO2 eliminations
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respirtatory Acidosis
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________ ______ occurs when a person breathes shallowly, or gas exchange is hampered by diseases such as pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, or emphysema.
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Respirtatory Acidosis
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Resportaory Acid can be due to epresses respirtation due to _______ or ______ overdose.
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narcotic or barbiturate
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Resporatory Alkalosis bld pH is above
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7.45
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_________________ is due to INCREASED CO2 elimination
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Respiratory Alkalosis
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_______________ occurs when a person breathes quickly and/or shallowly, usually due to pain, anxiety, or asthma.
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Resporatory Alkalosis.
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MATCH:
A: metabolic acidosis C: bld pH below 7.35 B: metabolic alkalosis D: bld pH above 7.45 |
AC, BD.
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__________________ is due to increased bicarbonate loss or increased acid accumulation.
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Metabolic Acidosis
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__________________ is due to increased reabsorption of bicarbonate ion or increased hydrogen ion loss.
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Metabolic Alkalosis
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metabolic acidosis is typically causes of ___________ are ingestion of excess alchole, asprine intake, excercise, untreated diabetes mellitis, and starvation diets.
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acid accumulation
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metabolic alkalosis typical cause of _________________ inculde excessive antacid ingestion and constipation.
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bicarbonate ion reasbsorption.
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______________: typical causes of bicaronate loss are excessive diarrhea and vomiting from the lower GI.
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metabolic acidosis
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______________: typical causes of hydrogen ion include excessive vomiting from upper GI; aldosterone hypersecretion/
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metabolic alkalosis
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__________: CNS depressed --->confusion, coma, death.
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acidosis
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___________: CNS overstimulation ---> muscle tentany, nervousness, convulsions, respiratory paralysis, death.
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alkalosis.
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