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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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study of microorganisms - organisms you need a microscope to see
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Microbiology
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uptake of nutrients from the environment, their transformation within the cell, and elimination of wastes into the environment (open system)
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Metabolism
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Chemicals from the environment that are turned into new cells under direction of preexisting cells
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Reproduction
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Formation of new cell structure such as a spore, usually as part of cellular life cycle
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Differentiation
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When cells communicate or interact by means of chemical that are released or taken up
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Communication
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6 Characteristics of Living Systems:
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1) Metabolism
2) Reproduciton 3) Differentiation 4) Communication 5) Movement 6) Evolution |
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living organisms often capable of self-propulsion
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Movement
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Cells contain genes and evolve to display new biological functions
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Evolution
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____________ used 1st microscope to observe the __________ (reproductive structures) of the common blue mold, ______________ in 1664
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Robert Hooke; fruiting bodies; Penicillium
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This guy was real master of microscope, began making microscopes that were so good they could see bacteria
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek
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botanist who was insturumental in founding science of Bacteriology
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Ferdinand J. Cohn
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- french chemist
- showed microbes were everywhere - showed they didn't develop from nothing |
Louis Pasteur
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- 1st to make doctors wash hands in chlorine solution
- mortality went from 13% to 2% in women giving birth |
Semmelweis
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- had doctors clean operatin tools and theatres (operating rooms) with carbolic acid
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Joseph Lister
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- famous for work on tuberculosis which at the time killed 1 out of every 7 people in the world
- 1st to prove that microbes cause disease |
Robert Koch
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the importance of working with pure cultures and formulating a series of tests to determine if a given microbe was the cause of the disease; known as __________________
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Koch's Postulates (Germ Theory of Disease)
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developed the enrichment culture technique
- described Tobacco Mosaic Virus as "soluble" living microbes - Father of Birology |
Martinus Beijernick
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Isolated nitrifying bacteria from soil
- performs definitive work on organisms responsible for the process of nitrificaiton in nature |
Sergei Winogradsky
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