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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are some examples of Protozoans?
1. Amoeba
2. Flagellates
3. Ciliates
4. Sporozoa
Amoeba
• type of a Protozoan
Examples are: Entamoeba histolytica, Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia spp.
Entamoeba histolytica
transmitted through ingestion of cysts in the feces.
• symptoms include severe dysentery with blood and mucus in the feces.
Acanthamoeba spp.
free-living amoeba found in water
• can cause keratitis and possible encephalitis
• probably enters via mucous membrane
Balamuthia spp.
free-living amoeba found in water
• can lead to encephalitis
• probably enters via mucous membrane
Flagellates
• type of Protozoan
examples are: Giardiasis, Trichomoniasis and Hemoflagellates
Giardiasis
• transmitted through ingestion of encysted forms in the feces
• Giardia lamblia - can cause severe and persistent diarrhea that can last for weeks
Trichomoniasis
• sexually transmitted, a venereal disease
• Trichomonas vaginalis - can cause urinary and genital tract infections. This can cause irritation and itching and sometimes responsible for premature births
Hemoflagellates
Trypanosomiasis
a. African Sleeping Sickness - transmitted by the tsetse fly
• Trypanosoma gambiense
• Trypanosoma rhodesiense
• symptoms include decreased physical activity, decreased mental activity, coma and possibly death
note: The trypanosomes will vary their surface antigens, thus making it difficult if not impossible to manufacture effective vaccines
b. Chaga Disease - transmitted by the kissing bug -found mostly in South America
• Trypanosoma cruzi - can cause loss of involuntary muscular contraction of the esophagus and stomach, can also cause heart damage.
Leishmaniasis
transmitted by the sand fly
• Leishmania donovani
• Leishmania braziliensis
• Leishmania tropica
• can leave to secondary infections and symptoms such as hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, anemia and weakness. This protozoan can attack macrophages. Skin manifestations which include crusty scabs and shallow ulcerations are possible. Dogs can act as reservoirs.