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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Organisms....
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We composed if a common set of chemical components such as nucleus acids and amino acids and similar structures such as cells enclosed within plasma membranes
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Organisms....
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Contain genetic information that uses a nearly universal code to specify the assembly of proteins
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Organisms...
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Con trot molecules obtained from their environment into new biological work
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Organisms...
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Extract energy from the environment and use it do biological work
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Organisms...
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Relate their internal environment
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Organisms....
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Replicate their genetic information in the same manner when reproducing themselves
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Organisms...
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Share sequence similarities among a fundamental set of genes
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Organisms...
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Evolve through gradual changes in their genetic information
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1.1
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Complex biological molecules that could reproduce themselves and also serve as temples for the synthesis of large molecules with complex but stable shapes. The variations in the shapes of these large stable molecules- proteins
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1.1
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Nucleic acids molecules that could reproduce themselves and also serve as templates for the synthesis of large molecules with complex but stable shapes
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Membranes
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Contain proteins separate form an external environment
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Fatty acids
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D not dissolve in water, form membranous films
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Vesicles
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Films formed from fatty acids can assemble into biological molecules
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Prokaryotes
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First unicellular organisms. Genetic material and biochemicals enclosed in a membrane.
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Photosynthesis
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Chemical reaction transforms energy of sunlight into a form of biological energy that can power synthesis of molecules
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Aerobic metabolism
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Energy production using O2
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Anaerobic metabolism
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Energy production not relying on O2
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Organelles
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Cells with membrane enclosed compartments
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Nucleus
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Contain cells genetic information
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Eukaryotes
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Contain nuclei
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Endosymbiosis
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When larger cells ingest smaller ones
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Mitochondria
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Generates cellular energy
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Chloroplasts
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Organelles specialized to conduct photosynthesis
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Mutations
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Introduced when genetic material is replicated. Some give rise to structural and functional changes in organisms
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Phylogenetic trees
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Document and diagram evolutionary relationships as part of an overarching tree of life
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Domains
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Archaea, bacteria and Eukarya
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Archaea
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Single called prokaryotes
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Eukarya
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Have eukaryotic cells whose mitochondria and chloroplasts originated form endosymbiosis of bacteria
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Genes
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24000 genes that encode proteins in a human genome
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Bioinformatics
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Study of biological information
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Synthesis
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Basic cellular work that builds encompass molecules and structures form smaller chemical units
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Metabolism
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Sum total of all the chemical transformations and other work done in all the cells of an organism
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Tissues
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Assemblages of differentiate cells
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Organs
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Tissues organized to perform specific functions
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Organ systems
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Organs whose functions are interrelated can be grouped
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Internal acellular environment
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Individual cells of a body are surrounded by an extra cellular environment of fluids, from which the cells receive nutrients and into which they excrete waste products of metabolism
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Homeostasis
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The maintenance range of an internal environment
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Regulatory systems
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Obtain information from censors, process and integrate this information and issue instructions to components of physiological systems that produce changes in the organisms internal environment
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Feedback loop
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I.e. regulatory system
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Plasma membrane
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Forms outer surface of cell
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Population
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Group of individuals of the same species that interact with one another
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Community
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Populations of all species that live and interact in the same area
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Ecosystem
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Communities together with their abiotic environments
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Evolution
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Change in the genetic makeup of biological populations through time
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Natural selection
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Differential survival and reproduction among individuals in a population
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Adaptations
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Structural physiological or behavioral traits that enhance an organisms chance of survival and reproduction in its environment
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Sexual selection
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Selection due to mate choice
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Genetic drift
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Random fluctuation of gene fluctuation of gene frequencies in a population due to chance events
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Inductive logic
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Taking observations or facts and creating a new proposition that is compatible with those observations or facts
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Deductive logic
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T make propositions based on a hypothesis
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