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50 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Organisms....
We composed if a common set of chemical components such as nucleus acids and amino acids and similar structures such as cells enclosed within plasma membranes
Organisms....
Contain genetic information that uses a nearly universal code to specify the assembly of proteins
Organisms...
Con trot molecules obtained from their environment into new biological work
Organisms...
Extract energy from the environment and use it do biological work
Organisms...
Relate their internal environment
Organisms....
Replicate their genetic information in the same manner when reproducing themselves
Organisms...
Share sequence similarities among a fundamental set of genes
Organisms...
Evolve through gradual changes in their genetic information
1.1
Complex biological molecules that could reproduce themselves and also serve as temples for the synthesis of large molecules with complex but stable shapes. The variations in the shapes of these large stable molecules- proteins
1.1
Nucleic acids molecules that could reproduce themselves and also serve as templates for the synthesis of large molecules with complex but stable shapes
Membranes
Contain proteins separate form an external environment
Fatty acids
D not dissolve in water, form membranous films
Vesicles
Films formed from fatty acids can assemble into biological molecules
Prokaryotes
First unicellular organisms. Genetic material and biochemicals enclosed in a membrane.
Photosynthesis
Chemical reaction transforms energy of sunlight into a form of biological energy that can power synthesis of molecules
Aerobic metabolism
Energy production using O2
Anaerobic metabolism
Energy production not relying on O2
Organelles
Cells with membrane enclosed compartments
Nucleus
Contain cells genetic information
Eukaryotes
Contain nuclei
Endosymbiosis
When larger cells ingest smaller ones
Mitochondria
Generates cellular energy
Chloroplasts
Organelles specialized to conduct photosynthesis
Mutations
Introduced when genetic material is replicated. Some give rise to structural and functional changes in organisms
Phylogenetic trees
Document and diagram evolutionary relationships as part of an overarching tree of life
Domains
Archaea, bacteria and Eukarya
Archaea
Single called prokaryotes
Eukarya
Have eukaryotic cells whose mitochondria and chloroplasts originated form endosymbiosis of bacteria
Genes
24000 genes that encode proteins in a human genome
Bioinformatics
Study of biological information
Synthesis
Basic cellular work that builds encompass molecules and structures form smaller chemical units
Metabolism
Sum total of all the chemical transformations and other work done in all the cells of an organism
Tissues
Assemblages of differentiate cells
Organs
Tissues organized to perform specific functions
Organ systems
Organs whose functions are interrelated can be grouped
Internal acellular environment
Individual cells of a body are surrounded by an extra cellular environment of fluids, from which the cells receive nutrients and into which they excrete waste products of metabolism
Homeostasis
The maintenance range of an internal environment
Regulatory systems
Obtain information from censors, process and integrate this information and issue instructions to components of physiological systems that produce changes in the organisms internal environment
Feedback loop
I.e. regulatory system
Plasma membrane
Forms outer surface of cell
Population
Group of individuals of the same species that interact with one another
Community
Populations of all species that live and interact in the same area
Ecosystem
Communities together with their abiotic environments
Evolution
Change in the genetic makeup of biological populations through time
Natural selection
Differential survival and reproduction among individuals in a population
Adaptations
Structural physiological or behavioral traits that enhance an organisms chance of survival and reproduction in its environment
Sexual selection
Selection due to mate choice
Genetic drift
Random fluctuation of gene fluctuation of gene frequencies in a population due to chance events
Inductive logic
Taking observations or facts and creating a new proposition that is compatible with those observations or facts
Deductive logic
T make propositions based on a hypothesis