Bio 208 Final

Front 1

How can Complex functions of genes can be determined?

Back 1

By comparing twins, checking families with genetic disorders and doing scanning, also people who have acquired dmg to parts of their brain

Front 2

What is up with phenylketonuria?

Back 2

It's mental retardation: where you can compare heredity vs envt. Heredity: no enzyme phenlalanine, envt. eat foods with the enzyme.

Front 3

How does genetic recombination work for fragile x?

Back 3

It is a theory that you can insert a virus that has been recombined so that you can have a theuraputic gene:
can also do this for mice to get a prefered type of mice

Front 4

Who are osamu shimomura, martin chalfie, Roger tsien

Back 4

they won nobel peace prize in 08 for making cells glow. Osamu find the gene, Chalfie inserted it, roger made it glow different colors

Front 5

How can brainbow be applied?

Back 5

You can track various classes of cells: cancer, alzheimers, neural development so that you can diagnose or find out function.

Front 6

Dz vs Mzt which show not much difference (characteristics) which show a lot of

Back 6

Non religious and occupational interest show differences, yet finger print not much. Other personalty differences occur as well.
Scitzophrenia is 50% increase for MZ twins that's the genetic component.

Front 7

Triplet repeats cause disease, and inc suceptibility to certain mental illneses; how does the age of onset become affected from generation to generation?

Back 7

CAG repeats can cause misfolded proteins and the age of onset becomes younger and younger. misfolded proteins associatede with schitzophrenia

Front 8

Let's play name that disease: genetic disease of triplet rpeats of polyglutamine on chromosome 4

Back 8

Huntingtons

Front 9

In huntingtons disease what happens as the # of repeats increases from individual to individual?

Back 9

in general the age of onset is increased; however greater than 40 are affected, and degeneration of structures is more likely.

Front 10

What happens to the basal ganglia in huntingtons?

Back 10

Leads to over activity in certain motor circuits

Front 11

which of the gene family of trp (temperature receptors) detect menthol and cold?

Back 11

TRPM8

Front 12

Which of the gene family TRP (temperature receptors) detect pain

Back 12

TRPV1

Front 13

DEG/ENaC does what?

Back 13

mechanotransduction and proton sensing, ion transport
it's a family of NaChannels genes

Front 14

How are gene of families similar?

Back 14

They have similar crossings differ usually in their amino groups

Front 15

Which is true about missing/dysfunctional genes?:
Missing genes can cause excessive development
Missing genes can prevent function of sensory neurons
dysfunctional genes in sensory neurons lead to abnormal function

Back 15

the first one missing genes can prevent sensory neuron development

Front 16

`Which is true about missing/dysfunctional genes?:
Missing genes can cause no development
Missing genes can enhance function of sensory neurons
dysfunctional genes in sensory neurons lead to abnormal function

Back 16

it's the 2nd one they can prevent

Front 17

Which is true about missing/dysfunctional genes?:
Missing genes can cause no development
Missing genes can prevent function of sensory neurons
dysfunctional genes in sensory neurons lead to abnormal genomes

Back 17

the last one it leads to abnormal function of proteins

Front 18

Which is true about missing/dysfunctional genes?:
Missing genes can cause no development
Missing genes can prevent function of sensory neurons
dysfunctional genes in sensory neurons lead to abnormal function

Back 18

none are bad :)

Front 19

Which about dysfunctional nociception is wrong?:
Dysfunction of NGF leads to a loss of function
Dysfunc for specific Na channels leads to loss of function
Defecits rarely occur, but the ability to avoid damaging stimuli remains
Dysfunction of Na channels can cause a gain in function

Back 19

can't avoid damaging stimuli

Front 20

Which about dysfunctional nociception is wrong?:
Dysfunction of NGF leads to a loss of function prevents survival of nociceptive afferrents
Dysfunc for specific Na channels leads to loss of function CIP correlates to a gain of function
Defecits rarely occur
Dysfunction of Nav1.7 channels can cause too much AP and pain is called Erythromelagia

Back 20

CIp is a loss of function, PEPD and IEM is a gain

Front 21

Which 3 taste receptors are cAMP ?
Which are gprotein coupled?

Back 21

Salt sour sweet?
sweet bitter umani

Front 22

Where are taste receptors located?

Back 22

on microvilli of the apical membrane

Front 23

What is wrong with the following comparison:
Taste and smell are similar in that they have specific receptors that generate AP.

Back 23

nothing lolz

Front 24

in olfactory there are 1000 genes and 1000 different receptors, and 5 major receptor types 3 are gprotein coupled, how does this help us distinguish various odors

Back 24

While 50% of human genes are inactive, this combination of various smell receptors are able to pick up various odors and they sort out like with like in the olfactory bulb

Front 25

Difference between various cones

Back 25

not much maybe 15/100 :)

Front 26

How is the processing of smell and of vision different?

Back 26

Smell very early in the sensory system: it's closer to the brain,
color vision processing is parrellel where all the images are then reintergrated into the bigger picture

Front 27

What isw this old new monkeys 30% to 20% and tri and di respectively?

Back 27

It just shows the correlation between the two as far as smell and sight is concerned. Is smell and vision related in that only one can exist in the brain?