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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the hypothalamus is part of the ?
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diencephalon
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pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by the ?
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pituitary stalk AKA infundibulum
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pituitary gland nestles in a depression of the sphenoid bone called the ?
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sella turcica
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alternate names for anterior pituitary & posterior pituitary
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anterior - adenohypophysis
posterior - neurohypophysis |
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release & release inhibiting hormones secreted by the hypothalamus that tell the anterior pituitary gland what to do (6 of them)
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-CRH
-GnRH -somatostatin -GRH -PIH - may be dopamine -PRH -TRH |
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t/f, release & release-inhibiting hormones are secreted by the hypothalamic neurons in pulses.
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true
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6 major hormones released by the anterior pituitary
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-GH
-ACTH -TSH -prolactin -LH -FSH |
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5 groups of cells in anterior pituitary (based on what they secrete)
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somatotrophs (growth hormone)
prolactotrophs (prolactin) thyrotrophs (TSH) corticotrophs (ACTH) gonadotrophs (FSH, LH) |
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many of the growth-stimulating actions of growth hormone are actually due to ?, which is secreted by the liver
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somatomedin
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release of GH is stimulated/inhibited by GHRH.
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stimulated
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release of GH is stimulated/inhibited by somatostatin
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inhibited
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growth hormone (GH) inhibits its own secretion by stimulating the release of ?
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somatostatin
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too much growth hormone after epiphyseal closure results in ?, where bones widen, & soft tissues & metabolism change
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acromegaly
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ACTH acts specifically on certain cells of the adrenal cortex. these are ?
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cortisol
sex hormone precursors aldosterone |
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t/f, ACTH may inhibit its own secretion by decreasing CRH release.
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true
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ACTH secretion is stimulated by ?
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stress
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in ? disease, large amounts of ACTH are released, causing melanin production.
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Addison's
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prolactin synthesis is kept in check by prolactin-inhibiting hormone, which may actually be ?
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dopamine
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how is prolactin inhibited?
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by its own synthesis through a negative feedback loop that utilizes dopamine
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the posterior pituitary is really an extension of the ?
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ventral hypothalamus
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network of capillaries & glia-like cells in the posterior pituitary are called ?
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pituicytes
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hormones made in hypothalamus & then secreted by the posterior pituitary
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ADH (vasopressin), oxytocin
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how does ADH act on the kidney?
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reduces volume of urine by increasing water-permeability of collecting ducts (concentrates urine) --- antidiuretic
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how does ADH act on the cardiovascular systen?
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constricts arterioles, increasing TPR & arteriole pressure (hence the name vasopressin)
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name two stimuli for ADH secretion
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-increase in osmotic pressure of plasma (e.g. during dehydration)
-reduction in blood volume & decrease in blood pressure |
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t/f, alcohol inhibits ADH secretion.
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true - that's why you have to go to the bathroom so much
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deficiency of ADH caused by destruction of neurons in supraoptic & paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus - condition called?
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diabetes insipidus
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action of oxytocin on breasts
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contraction of smooth muscle cells, causing milk ejection
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suckling stimulates release of ? and ?
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oxytocin
prolactin |
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t/f, oxytocin causes contraction of smooth muscle in uterus during pregnancy
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true
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t/f, oxytocin and ADH may function to promote bonding in animals & possibly in humans
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true
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