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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two body cavities
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1. Thoracic
2.Abdominopelvic |
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The right upper quadrant contains..
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liver
small instestine large instetine kidney |
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The left upper quadrant contains..
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Stomach
Spleen |
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The thoracic quadrant contains..
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heart
lungs |
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The heart cavity is called the..
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Pericardial cavity
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What is the mediastinum
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The central tissue mass that divides the thoracic cavity into two plueral cavities
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What is the pH of blood and body tissues?
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7.35- 7.45
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What is acidosis?
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An abnormally low pH, under 7.35. Below 7 can cause a coma
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What is alkalosis?
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An abnormally high pH, above 7.45. Above 7.8 can cause uncontrolled muscle spasms.
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What is an enzyme?
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A protein catalyst that lowers the activation energy of a reaction and allows the reaction to proceed in conditions suitable for life
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What is the plasma membrane made of?
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The plasma membrane is a lipid bilyaer made of phospholipids, it has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end
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What is osmosis?
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The movement of water down its concentration gradient to an area of higher solute concentration
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What does the smooth ER synthesize?
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Carbohdyrate and Lipids
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What does the Rough ER synthesize?
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Proteins
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What are the four kinds of tissues?
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1. Epithelial
2. Connective 3. Muscle 4. Neural |
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What are the different kinds of epithelial tissue?
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1. Squamous
2. Cubodial 3. Columnar |
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What are the 3 kinds of muscle tissue?
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1. Cardiac
2. Smooth 3. Skeletal |
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What are the different kinds of cells in connective tissue?
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Melanocytes, adipocytes, cartilage, bone, collagen, elastic fibers, macrophages (fixed and free)
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What cels make up neural tissue?
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Neurons
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What do exocrine glands do?
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Exocrine glands secrete exocrine secretions onto a passageway connected to the outside
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What do endocrine glands do?
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Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream
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Describe skeletal muscle:
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Striated, long, multinucleated, cylindrical cells
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Describe smooth muscle:
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Short, nonstriated, one nucleated, cylindrical cells
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What happens when melanocytes are exposed to UV light?
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Melanocytes will produce melanin, which is a brown pigment
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What does UV light do to cholestrol like compounds?
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It converts it to Vitamin D3, which travels to the kidney and is converted to calcitrol. Calcitrol is essential for Calcium and phosphorus abosorption.
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What nurtients are essential for bone growth and repair?
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Calcium and Vitamin D
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Define osteocyte:
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Cells that breakdown and recycle bone matrix
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Define osteoblast:
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Cells that produce bone matrix by osteogenesis
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What happens when bone is not put under stress?
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The bone will degenerate
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What is an osteon?
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An osteon is the basic functional unit of mature compact bone and consists of osteocytes around a central canal
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What nurtients are essential for bone growth and repair?
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Calcium and Vitamin D
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Define osteocyte:
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Cells that breakdown and recycle bone matrix
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Define osteoblast:
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Cells that produce bone matrix by osteogenesis
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What happens when bone is not put under stress?
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The bone will degenerate
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What is an osteon?
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An osteon is the basic functional unit of mature compact bone and consists of osteocytes around a central canal
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What is an osteon?
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An osteon is the basic functional unit of mature compact bone and consists of osteocytes around a central canal
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Defien central canal:
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A longitudinal canal in the center of an osteon that contains blood vessels and nerves
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Lacunae
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Small pit or cavity, that bone cells (osteocytes) live in. Lancunae are arranged in concentric layers called lamellae
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Where would you find cilia?
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Respiratory tract
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Where would you find mircovilli?
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In the digestive tract, they increase surface area for absorption
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