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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the function of the excretory system |
regulate volume and composition of body fluid by removing wastes and returning needed substances to the body |
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what is a waste |
any substance that the body produces in excess |
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what are the wastes that are attended to first and why |
ammonia, urea, uric acid and other nitrogen containing substances because they pose a greater harm |
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what happens to ammonia |
it is quickly converted to urea in the liver |
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what is the majority of nitrogenous waste in the body |
urea |
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define excretion |
process of separating waste from body fluids and eliminating them |
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where are the kidneys located and what purpose do they have |
lower back on either side of spine filters wastes from blood and regulates the salts in blood |
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what are some steps from the kidney |
urine is released to ureter and moved by peristaltic action to urinary bladder where its temporarily stored |
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how is urine stored in the urinary bladder |
by two sphincters fist is inside and controlled involuntairly by the brain and the second is on the outside and is controlled voluntarily by relaxing muscle. |
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what is the movement of blood from heart to excretion |
renal arteries -> capillaries -> glomerulus -> bowman capsule where its now filtrate -> proximal convoluted tubule -> loop of henle -> ureter -> bladder -> urethra |
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define renal arteries |
take blood from heart to kidney |
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define glomerulus |
capillaires in kidney that have lots or pores to allow water and other molecules to enter |
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define bowmans capsule |
cap at top of each nephron that filters |
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proximal convoluted tubule |
main tube part of nephron reabsorbe water and solute and secrete hydrogen ions |
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define loop of henle |
reabsorption go water and hydrogen ions |
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define ureter |
carry urine from kidney to bladder |
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define bladder |
hold urine and has two sphincters |
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define urethra |
tube the transfers urine out of the body from bladder |
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define renal vein |
returns solute and water reabsorbed by the body |
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what are the two parts or the renal pelvis |
inner renal cortex and outer renal cortex |
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where are nephrons located |
renal cortex extending into the renal medulla |
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what are they responsible for |
filtering various substances from blood and transforming it into urine |
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what are the three main groups in a nephron |
filter duct tube |
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define nephritis or glomeritus |
occurs when urine is blocked from being released
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define kindey stones |
consists of crystallization of uric acid |
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how can kidney stones be removed |
ultrasound surgery |
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define cystitis |
bladder infection |
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define gout |
uric acid crystals in blood plasma and bacteria gets caught in feet joints |
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define liver damage |
decrease in norma function |
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define diabetes mellitus |
increase in glucose in urine |
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what is type one diabetes |
genetic error pancreas can't make insulin |
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define type 2 diabetes |
damaged insulin receptors on cells as an adult |
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define diabetes insipidus |
dont absorb water because decreased ADH therefore causing urine to increase |
