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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what does cellular respiration do |
releases the energy of molecules by oxidizing CO2 and Glucose |
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describe the process of cellular respiration |
electrons are removed from glucose releasing energy and producing CO2 and H2O |
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what are the three pathways for cellular respiration |
aerobic cellular respiration anaerobic cellular respiration fermentation |
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define aerobic cellular respiration |
needs O2 to produce ATP |
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define anaerobic cellular respiration |
doesn't require O2 to make ATP |
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define fermentation |
carbs are anaerobically broken down into simpler components |
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describe fermentation |
metabolic pathway including glycolysis and one r two reactions in which NADH is oxidized to NAD+ by reducing pyruvate to other components |
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what are the two types of fermentation |
lactate fermentation ethanol fermentation |
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define lactate fermentation |
NADH is used to convert pyruvate to lactate and NAD+ is recycled |
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define ethanol fermentation |
yeast / bacteria convert pyruvate to ethanol and CO2 check fermentation diagrams |
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describe anaerobic cellular respiration |
oxidization reaction in which enzyme catalyzed reactions transfer from high energy cycles (glucose) to oxygen. |
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what occurs in the cytoplasm |
glycolysis |
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what is glycolysis |
anaerobic process |
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what is the product of glycolysis |
pyruvate |
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what then happens to pyruvate |
when there is enough O2 the pyruvate is transferred from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria where is undergoes a reaction preparing it for the kerb cycle |
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what is the function of the kerb cycle |
transform energy of glucose into reducing power of molecules called NADH and FADH2 |
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what do NAHD and FADH2 supply |
they supply high energy electrons to an electron support system |
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what doe thiss produce |
large amounts of ATP |
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where is ATP generated in chemiosmosis |
ATP is generated across the inner membrane of the mitochondria and thylakoid membrane of the chloroplasts |
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describe what happens in chemiosmosis |
couples H+ down the concentration gradient to synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate |
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describe the image of the kerb cycle |
starts as a six carbon molecule and then looses one to CO2 Nad+ is transformed to NADH becomes a five carbon molecule NAD+ is transformed to NADH and becomes a four carbon molecule ADP is transformed to ATP FAD is transformed to FADH+ and NAD+ is transformed to NADH finishing as a four carbon starting molecule |
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what is the role of glycolysis outside the mitochondria |
to split glucose into two molecules pf pyruvate |
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how many carbons is glucose and pyruvate |
glucose is 6 and pyruvate is 3 |
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what is the role of glycolysis inside the mitochondria |
pyruvate looses a carbon in the form of CO2 and the other two remaining carbons are bonded to co-enzyme A (CoA) |
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what does CoA then do |
attaches to the 2 carbon compound and tows (takes) it to the kerb cycle where it releases it |
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what is the role of oxygen in aerobic cellular respiration |
doesn't play a role until the very last step in transporting electrons to electron transport but needs to be present for all other steps to take place |
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describe electron ransport |
high energy electrons are passes to a chain of electron carrying molecules who are attached to the inner membrane of the mitochondria. as this happens small amounts of energy are released then this energy is used to pump H+ from the matrix to the inner membrane space ADP is transformed to ATP |
