Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
taxonomy |
The branch of science concerned with classification especially organisms. |
|
|
darwin observed that |
species generally suit their environment |
|
|
darwins theory explained that |
the duality of unity and diversity |
|
|
Natural selection results in what? |
the adaptation of organisms to their environment |
|
|
darwin proposed that natural selection could cause |
an ancestral species to give rise to two or more descendant species |
|
|
Evolutionary relationships are often illustrated with what type of diagrams? |
treelike diagrams that show ancestors and their descendants |
|
|
Evidence of evolution |
1. Fossil record 2. Anatomy and Embryology 3.Biogeography 4. Molecular and Development Biology |
|
|
What is homology? |
Homologous structures |
|
|
What is Embryology? |
Vertebrate Embryos |
|
|
What are Vestigial structures? |
"Leftover" structures |
|
|
What is Biogeography? |
Geographic distribution of species |
|
|
Endemic |
species is found only in a small geographic area |
|
|
What can indicate the relatedness of various groups? |
DNA |
|
|
Misconceptions of Evolution |
1. Evolution is just a "theory" 2. Individuals evolve 3. Evolution explains the origin of life 4. Organisms evolve on purpose |
|
|
Theory |
Popularly, a more conjecture, or guess |
|
|
Evolution |
Works with population NOT one person |
|
|
Sources of genetic variation |
1. Formation of new alleles 2. Altering gene number or position 3. Rapid reproduction 4. Sexual reproduction |
|
|
Popular genetics |
Examines how allele and genotypic frequencies change in a population |
|
|
Evolution by natural selection involves both |
chance and sorting |
|
|
Relative fitness |
Contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation, relative to the contributions of other individuals |
|
|
Sexual selection |
natural selection for mating success (sexual dimorphism) |
|
|
Balancing seelection |
When natural selection maintains stable frequencies or two or more phenotypic forms in a population |
|
|
Frequency-Dependent selection |
Fitness of a phenotype declines if it becomes too common in the population |
|
|
Why does Natural Selection NOT result in perfect organisms? |
Selection only acts on existing variations |
|
|
Selection only acts on |
existing variations |
|
|
Popular approaches include: |
1. Morphological species concept 2. Biological species concept 3. Phylogenetic species concept |
|
|
Patterns of Geographical Variations |
1. Ring species 2. Clinal variation |
|
|
Reproductive isolationg mechanism |
Biological characteristic that prevents the gene pools of two species from mixing |
|
|
Sympathetic Speciation |
Evolves between distinct subgroups that arise within one population |
|
|
Ecology |
Fossilized teeth and dung provide data about the diets of extinct animals |
