Bio 182 Lecture 23

Front 1

what are the 4 features of animals

Back 1

-multicellularity
-heterotrophic metabolism
-internal ingestion
-movement

Front 2

describe heterotrophic metabolism

Back 2

-intake of food; we get nutrients from the organisms we intake as opposed to plants who already have the nutrients inside of them

Front 3

What are the 4 key features to animal body plans

Back 3

-symmetry
-structure of the body cavity
-segmentation
-external appendages

Front 4

define 2 types of symmetry
-what occurs w/ respect to symmetry in echinoderms

Back 4

-radial symmetry: any plane through the main axis divides animal into two similar halves
-bilateral symmetry: one plane through anterior/posterior midline divides animal into 2 mirror images (dorsal is back, ventral is belly)
-echinoderms: larvae are bilateral while adults are pentaradial

Front 5

define/describe the 3 types of body cavities

Back 5

-acoelomate: no body cavity/coelom
-pseudocoelomate: coelem is lined with mesoderm, but the internal organs are not thus leaving them suspended
-coelomate: coelom and internal organs are lined with mesoderm, thus the internal organs are bolted down, allowing for better control over movement of cavity

Front 6

describe 4 key points in segmentation of animals

Back 6

-more precise control of movement
-allows animal to alter shape of body in complex ways
-not always obvious externally (vertebrae in vertebrates)
-varies in different regions of the body (different segments become unique in function)

Front 7

describe uses of appendages in animals
-describe how evolution has acted on appendages

Back 7

-sensing, chewing, locomotion, mating
-increases precision and efficiency in mobility
-some appendages were lost in many groups of organisms

Front 8

what are the 5 types of feeding strategies in animals

Back 8

-filter feeding
-herbivores
-predators
-parasites
-detrivores

Front 9

describe filter feeders

Back 9

-small organisms/nutrients that move through environment are collected by filtering either actively (flamingo) or passively (sponges)

Front 10

describe herbivores

Back 10

eat living plants/plant tissues
-eat phloem
-drink nectar from flowers
-eat leaves/part of plant
-eat whole plant

Front 11

describe predators

Back 11

eat other animals
-usually smaller, but can be larger in size

Front 12

describe parasites

Back 12

-live in or on organisms from which they obtain energy and nutrients
ex: larvae of tarantula hawks

Front 13

describe detrivores

Back 13

eat dead stuff
-dead animals
-dead plants
-dunk

Front 14

why are omnivores important

Back 14

critical to food webs

Front 15

what are the two main stages of life cycles

Back 15

-larvae stage
-adult stage

Front 16

what are the two types of larvae for planktonic marine animals

Back 16

-trochophore
-naplius
both of these are "dispersal" stage for marine animals

Front 17

describe what trochophores become in the adult stage

Back 17

ex: mollusks
-they become sessile in the adult stage

Front 18

describe what naplius become in the adult stage

Back 18

ex: crustaceans, crabs
-they become either sessile or motile
-use appendages as larvae for locomotion