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135 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arachnoid mater
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Name the muscle
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Iliacus
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Trapezius
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Origin: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae & spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: clavicle and scapula (acromion and scapular spine) Action: elevate, retract, depress, or rotate scapula upward and/or elevate clavicle; extend neck |
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Name the muscle
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Psoas Major
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PARIETAL BONE
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Rhomboideus Minor
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Origin: spinous process of vertebrae C7-T1
Insertion: vertebral border of scapula Action: adducts & performs downward rotation of scapula |
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Name the muscle
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Adductor longus
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define osteoid
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the unmineralized, organic portion of the bone matrix that forms prior to the maturation of bone tissue
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Dorsal root and rootlets
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Name the muscle
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Adductor magnus
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Rhomboideus Major
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Origin: spinous process of superior thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: vertebral border of scapula from spine to inferior angle Action: adducts and downward rotation of scapula |
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B
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FRONTAL BONE
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Name the muscle
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Sartorius
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Levator Scapulae
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Origin: transverse precesses of C1-C4 vertebrae
Insertion: vertebral border of scapula near superior angle Action: elevates scapula |
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Epidural space
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Name the muscle
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Quadriceps femoris group: Rectus femoris
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what component of the extracellular matrix is stained pink in this slide?
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type I collagen (protein)
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Name the muscle
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Quadriceps femoris group: Vastus lateralis
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Pia Mater
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Serratus Anterior
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Origin: anterior and superior margins of ribs 1-8 or 1-9
Insertion: anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula Action: protracts shoulder: rotates scapula so glenoid cavity moves upward rotation |
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spinal nerve
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Name the muscle
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Quadriceps femoris group: Vastus medialis
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spinal nerve
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C
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NASAL BONE
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Name the muscle
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Quadriceps femoris group: Vastus intermedius
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name the cell type indicated by the yellow arrows
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osteoblast (cuboidal)
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Ventral root and rootlets
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Name the muscle
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fibular muscle group
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Sub Arachnoid Space
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Name the muscle
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Semimembranosus
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Dorsal Root Ganglion
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Supraspinatus
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Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tuberacle of humerus Action: abduction at the shoulder |
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Name the muscle
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Semitendinosus
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D
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SPHENOID (GREATER WING)
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Name the muscle
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Biceps femoris
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Infraspinatus
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Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: lateral rotation at shoulder |
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Name the muscle
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Gluteus maximus
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name the cell type indicated by the blue arrows
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osteoprogenitor
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Name the muscle
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Gluteus medius
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Deltoid
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Origin: clavicle and scapula (acromion and adjacent scapular spine)
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: abducts shoulder, flexion and extension, medial and lateral rotation of humerus |
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E
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TEMPORAL BONE
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Name the muscle
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Gastrocnemius
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Teres Minor
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Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: lateral rotation at shoulder |
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Name the muscle
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Soleus
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name the bone covering formed collectively by the cells indicated by the yellow and blue arrows
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endosteum
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Name the muscle
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Tibialis anterior
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Teres Major
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Origin: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus Action: extension, adduction & medial rotation at shoulder |
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F
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ETHMOID BONE
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Subscapularis
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Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus Action: medial rotation at shoulder |
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Identify # 4.
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Zygomatic process [of temporal bone]
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Pectoralis Major
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Origin: cartilages of ribs 2-6, gladiolus & inferior, medial portion of clavicle
Insertion: crest of greater tubercle & lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus Action: flexion, adduction & medial rotation at shoulder |
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S1
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Coronal Suture
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Latissimus Dorsi
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Origin: spinous process of inferior T and all L vertebrae, ribs 8-12, and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertion: floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus Action: extension, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder |
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Identify # 5.
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Mastoid process [of temporal bone]
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name the cell type indicated by the orange arrows
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osteoclasts
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Triceps Brachii (lateral head, long head, medial head)
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Origin: (Lateral) Superior, lateral margin of humerus:(Long) Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula;(Medial) Posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna Action: (Lateral) extension at elbow;(Long) extension at elbow, extension & aduction at shoulder;(Medial) extension at elbow |
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S2
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Squamous Suture
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Brachialis
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Origin: anterior, distal surface of humerus
Insertion: ulnar tuberosity Action: flexion at elbow |
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G
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LACRIMAL BONE
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S3
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Lambdoid Suture
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Name the muscle
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Masseter
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What are these?
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1. Body
2. Pedicle 3. Transverse Process 4. Lamina 5. Spinous Process 6. Articular Process (superior and inferior) 7. Vertebral Foramen (vertebral canal) |
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Name the muscle
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Temporalis
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which arrow is pointing to a cell that is surrounded by bone matrix?
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green arrow
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H
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ZYGOMATIC BONE
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which arrow is pointing to a cell that is producing osteoid?
name this cell type |
blue arrow; osteoblast
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which arrow is pointing to a cell that is resorbing bone?
name this cell type |
orange arrow; osteoclast
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Biceps Brachii
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Origin: (short head) from coracoid process;(long head) from supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Insertion: radial tuberosity Action: flexion at elbow and shoulder; supination |
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J
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MAXILLA
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Name the muscle
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Sternocleidomastoid: Clavicular Head
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name the cell type indicated by the blue arrows
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osteocytes
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K
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MANDIBLE
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Identify # 2.
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Superior articular facet
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name the space in which the cells indicated by the blue arrows reside
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lacunae
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what kind of tissue is within the blue squares?
what are the characteristics of this tissue type? |
primary bone tissue; it is more cellular, contains less mineral content, and its collagen fibers lack organization
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what tissue type is in the yellow circle?
what are the characteristics of this tissue type? |
secondary bone tissue; the tissue is layered
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N
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VOMER
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Identify # 7.
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Lamina
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Name the muscle
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External Oblique
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what is the structure surrounded by the blue circle?
the blue arrow? |
osteon; osteonic canal
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Name the muscle
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Internal Oblique
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Identify # 6.
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Vertebral arch
Note: 1/2 ring of bone |
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Name the muscle
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Transverse Abdominis
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O
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ETHMOID BONE
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Name the muscle
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Rectus Abdominis
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what is the name of the tissue surrounded by the red square?
what are the characteristics of this tissue type? |
interstitial lamellae; they are avascular because they are part of a degraded/previous lamellae
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what is the space indicated by the red arrow?
what cell type occupies this space in living tissue? |
lacnuae; osteocytes
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name the space indicated by the yellow arrows?
what are their function? |
canaliculi; the form a network of tunnel-like spaces in the bone matrix
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S1
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Coronal Suture
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S2
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Sauamous Suture
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Name the following:
S1 S2 S3 |
Coronal Suture
Saggital Suture Lambdoid Suture |
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cervical vertebrae -- how many? distinguishuing characteristics?
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7; smaller in size, and have a foramen in the transverse process
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Identify # 5.
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Inferior articular process
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thoracic vertebrae -- how many? distinguishing characteristics?
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12; medium in size with a heart-shaped body
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lumbar vertebrae -- how many? distinguishing characteristics?
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5; large with a wide body
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sacral vertebrae -- how many? distinguishing characteristics?
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5 (fused); part of the back of the pelvis, very wide/short
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coccyx vertebrae -- how many? distinguishing characteristics?
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4 (fused); very small tip of the spine, much like a tail
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kyphotic curve
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spinal curve with convexity projecting posterior
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lordotic curve
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spinal curve with convexity projecting anterior
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which bone is this? what are its distinguishing features?
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C1 vertebra (atlas); lateral masses are round/column-like, the anterior arch is thin and bony,
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what bone is this? distinguishing characteristics?
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C2 (axis); it has the dens -- the bony like projection that the base of the skill rests upon
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what is the outer loop of this tissue? the inner part?
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annulus fibrosis and nucleus pulposus
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Identify # 1.
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Manubrium
Tip: Top of sternum, flat like a spoon |
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Identify # 4.
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Body
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how many ribs and of what character?
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12 pairs of ribs in total; 7 pairs of true ribs which attach to the sternum via cartilage; 5 pairs are false ribs, the top 3 of which share a single piece of cartilage connected to the sternum, and the last two are floating w/o any attachment
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Identify # 2.
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Cribriform plate
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Identify # 2.
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External auditory meatus
Note: Where the ear would be |
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Identify # 2.
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Occipital condyles
Note: To the left & right of foramen magnum |
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Identify # 2.
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Intervertebral foramen
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what type of tissue is this, and what are the defining characteristics?
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skeletal muscle: it is striated and multi-nucleated with very long cells
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what type of tissue is this? what are its defining characteristics?
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smooth muscle: no striations, single nucleus, smallest muscle cell type
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what type of tissue is this? what are its defining characteristics?
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cardiac muscle: one or two central nuclei, striated, branched
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what is isometric muscle contraction?
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the muscle length remains constant; example:
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what is isotonic muscle contraction?
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muscle changes in length during contraction (eccentric = increase, concentric = decreases)
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cauda equina
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bundle of nerves exiting at the inferior end of the spinal cord (around L1-L2) -- "horse's tail"
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conus medullaris
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tapered/funnel-shaped region at end of spinal cord
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filum terminale
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continuation of the pia mater at the end of the cord through the sacrum and coccyx
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phrenic nerve
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motor nerve for diaphragm
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axillary nerve
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in the axilla; motor nerve for teres minor, deltoid, and triceps brachii; sensory: skin over shoulder
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radial nerve
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wraps across the AC; motor: triceps brachii and forearm muscles; sensory: majority of posterior forearm, forearm, and lateral hand
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white matter
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surround the gray matter; consists of myelinated axons and lacks cell bodies
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gray matter
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in the center of the spinal cord, butterfly shaped, containing unmyelinated ends of axons, dendrites, and neuron cell bodies
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ulnar nerve
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runs along the ulna; motor: ulnar/medial side of forearm/digit muscles; sensory: medial third of hand
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median nerve
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runs right down the middle of the arm; motor: forearm muscles for middle fingers; sensory: lateral side of hand
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thoracodorsal nerve
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runs under the lateral end of the scapula; motor: latissimus dorsi
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pectoral nerves
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runs into the pectoralis muscles; motor: pectoralis major/minor
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suprascapular nerve
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runs over back of shoulder above the scapula; motor: supra and infraspinatus muscles
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long thoracic nerve
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innervates serratus anterior
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femoral nerve
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runs over ventral side of leg; motor: quads; sensory: anterior/medial thigh, medal leg; medial foot
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obturator nerve
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runs through inside of thigh; motor: adductor muscles; sensory: medial thigh
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superior gluteal nerve
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runs in a superior direction behind the gluteal muscle; motor: gluteus medius
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inferior gluteal nerve
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runs in an inferior direction behind the gluteal muscle; motor: gluteus maxiumus
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sciatic nerve
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runs on the back of the leg and feeds into the tibial and common fibular
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tibial nerve
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starts at popliteal space and runs behind the leg; motor: hamstring, gastrocnemius, soleus; sensory: posterior leg and sole of foot
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common fibular nerve
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passes over lateral/ventral edge below the knee; superficial motor: fibular muscle group; superficial sensory: most of the lateral/bottom of foot; deep motor: tibialis anterior and toe extensors; deep sensory: webspace between 1st and 2nd toes
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