• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/65

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

65 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what do the ovaries do?
is a ductless reproductive gland in which the female reproductive cells are produced
what is ovulation?
release the egg cells (oocytes)
What is the uterine tube? what travels through it?
tube that leads from the ovaries to the uterus
oocytes or zygotes
what is the name for a fertilized egg?
zygote
true or false: The zygote travels through the fallopian tubes and implants itself into the uterine wall.
true
What happens to unfertilized oocyte?
gets flushed out the uterus with next menstrual cycle
what is the narrow muscular opening between the uterus and vagina?
Cervix
how long is the birth canal?
3-4 inches
True or false: The opening to the outside is called the cervix
false: the vaginal orifice
What surrounds the vaginal orifice?
the vulva
true or false: having a sexual response, triggers a decrease in HR and BP?
false: causes an increase in HR and BP
what can trigger a sexual response?
sight, sound, aroma, touch, dreams, thoughts
how many sets of labia are there?
2 sets
labia majora
labia minora
what is inhibits excitement and plateau
stress, other non erotic thoughts
what it vasocongestion?
external gentialia enlargement
what is the lubricant released by the vaginal wall during a sexual response?
vaginal transudate
during sexual response, what dilates?
the inner proximal part of vaginal canal
true or false: the outer distal portion of the vaginal canal constricts
true
what helps stimulate the penis during intercourse?
vestibular bulbs vasocongest
what happens in an orgasm
strong contractions of orgasmic platform
constriction of anal and urinary sphincters
rhythmic peristaltic contractions of uterus (top to bottom)
some secretion possible by paraurethral glands
increased HR/BP/resp as discussed
chest/nipples flush (see this in both males and females)
resolution of the vagina
uterus returns to normal position
cervix dips back into vagina
blood flow returns to normal
no refractory period
where does fertilization occur?
uterine tubes
how long can sperm survive?
12-72hours
after sex how many sperm cells are ejaculated?
300-400 million sperm cells
true or false: WBC destroy many of the sperm cells in the vagina
true
true or false: at least half of the sperm cells will go up the wrong tube
True
how many sperm cells actually make it to the oocytes?
2000-3000
how long does the trip take for the sperm cells
10 minutes
what is capacitation?
Sac of enzymes on top of sperm cell become more fragile
what is an acrosomal reaction?
enzymes in acrosome break down cells and glycoproteins surrounding egg cell
true or false: acrosomal reaction only needs 1 sperm cell to react
false: 100s of sperm cells
true or false:only ONLY 1 sperm can attach to an egg
true
what is polyspermy?
more than one sperm fertilizing an egg
what are ways polyspermy is avoided
docking proteins
protein fluid that pushes other sperm away
what is the process of a zygote dividing
mitosis
how long does it take for a zygote to start dividing?
24hours after fertilization
3-4 days after ovulation, where does the zygote reach?
uterus
what is a blastocyst?
It possesses an inner cell mass (ICM) which subsequently forms the embryo. The outer layer of cells of the blastocyst are called the trophoblast. This layer surrounds the inner cell mass and a fluid-filled cavity known as the blastocoel.
how long will it take for the blastocyst to implant?
2-3 days
what hormone does the egg produce?
human chorionic gonadotropin HCG
what does hcg do?
maintains estrogen and progesterone producing cells in ovaries until the placenta forms
what maintains these levels after the placenta forms?
the placenta (trick question)
true or false: after 9 months the baby moves deeper into the mothers birth canal.
true
as the baby moves deeper into the canal, what do the uterus receptors do?
sense pressure and send nerve impulse to breiain
what part of the brain receives impulses to stimulate posterior pituitary gland?
hypothalamus
what does the hypothalamus do?
receives impulses, and stimulates posterior pituitary gland
what does the posterior pituitary gland do?
releases a hormone called oxytocin into the blood stream which will stimulate muscles of the uterus
true or false: after the posterior pituitary gland is stimulated the muscles of the uterus contract even more
true
what is the ovary?
where the developing oocyte matures through meiosis
what sounds the oocytes?
follicle cells which secret hormones
what is the follicular phase
rising levels of GnRH cause ant pituitary gland to release FSH and LH
FSH and LH cause follicle to grow and mature
maturing follicle starts to secrete estrogen
what does estrogen inhibit? what does it stimulate?
FSH and LH
the production of them
what happens in stage 4,stage5,stage 6
more estrogen enters blood
high estrogen levels stimulate ant pituitary gland to release stored LH and FSH ovulation
this surge of LH triggers ovulation
what happens in the Luteal Phase
ruptured follicle is now called the corpus luteum

corpus luteum takes over strogen and progesterone production also produce inhibin
true or false: if fertilization does not occur, corpus luteum will degenerate menstruation occurs and the cycle begins again
true
ovarian cycle does what
changes in ovaries
what happens in the menstrual cycle
changes in uterus
what consists of the proliferative phase?
mitosis, increased vascularization, addition of progesterone receptors
what consists of the secretory phase
progesterone controlled, endometrium thickens further, if no pregnancy
what consists of the menstrual phase
menses
how many types of estrogen are there?
3 estrdiol,estriol,estrone
what maintain primary sexual characteristics
ovaries, uterus, oviducts, vaginal canal
what maintain secondary sexual characteristics
development of breasts and nipples, distribution of body fat and flare of pelvis
libido and pubic/axillary hair controlled by androgens
adrenal glands and ovaries.
puberty is triggered by the secretion of...
hypothalamic and anterior pituitary hormones, which triggers the release of reproductive hormones and secretion of androgens from adrenal gland.