Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Four main stages of food processing? |
Ingestion Digestion Adsorption Elimination |
|
|
The enzymatic process for digestion |
Chemical digestion |
|
|
Why is it preferable to break food into smaller pieces? |
Increased surface area = increased enzymatic reactions |
|
|
What enzyme is released into the oral cavity? |
Salivary amylase |
|
|
What protects stomach lining from ulcers? |
Mucous lining |
|
|
Main segments of the human digestive tract that food passes throigh |
Mouth - esophagus - stomach - small intestine - large intestine - anus |
|
|
Function of the esophagu |
Moves good from mouth to stomach |
|
|
Peristalsis |
Muscle contractions |
|
|
Functions of stomach |
Stores food 2-6 hrs Physically breaks down food Chemically breaks down food |
|
|
What is present in Gastric juice |
Water HCl Prpsinogen |
|
|
What does gastric juice do? |
Breaks down proteins Helps form Pepsin Kills bacteria |
|
|
What is pepsin, what does it do, what is optimal pH of pepsin |
- protease enzyme - digests proteins ink shot polypeptides - 2.5 ish |
|
|
Three functions of small intestine |
Digestion Movement Adsorption |
|
|
Optimum pH of the small intestine |
8.4 ish |
|
|
Three parts of the small intestines |
Duodenum Jejenum Ileum |
|
|
Only biochemical broken down in the stomach |
Protein |
|
|
Bolus |
Food and saliva mix |
|
|
Carbohydrates broken down into... |
Maltose Then individual glucoses |
|
|
Lipids broken down into.. |
Fatty acids |
|
|
Where is the cardiac sphincter? |
Between stomach and esophagus - where heartburn comes from |
|
|
Gastrin (hormone) source, stimulus, action |
Source: pyloric section of stomach Stimulus: entry of food into stomach Action: regulates secretion of HCl from parietal cells (stomach lining) |
|
|
CCK (hormone) source, stimulus, action |
- duodenum - arrival of chyme into SI - stims pancreas to scretr sodium bicarbonate (buffer) to neutralize stomach acids |
|
|
Insulin source, stimulus, action |
-pancreas - high blood glucose level - stimulates he conversion of glucose into glycogen, stored in liver |
|
|
Glucagon source, stimulus, action |
- pancreas - low blood glucose level - conversion of glycogen into glucose |
|
|
Salivary amylase substrate and product |
Starch, glycogen -> maltose |
|
|
Pepsin substrate and product |
Proteins - short peptides |
|
|
Peptidases substrate and product |
Short peptides --> amino acids |
|
|
Nucleases substrate and product |
Nucleic acids --> nucleotidesmaltas |
|
|
Maltese substrate and product |
Maltose ---> glucose |
|
|
Lipase substrate and product |
Triglycerides ---> fatty acids, glycerol |
