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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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semiconservative model
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daughter molecules will have one old strand, and one new strand, derived from the parent molecule
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replication fork
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a y shaped region where parental strands of DNA are being unwound
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helicases
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enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands and making them available as templates
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single-stranded binding proteins
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bind to the unpaired DNA strands and stabilize them
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topoisomerase
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relieves the strain of unwinding DNA by cutting and rejoining DNA strands
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primer
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a short RNA strand that is synthesized by primase and is used to initiate DNA replication
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primase
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synthesizes RNA primers
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DNA polymerase
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catalyze the synthesis of new DNA by adding nucleotides to the primer
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DNA polymerase can only add DNA to the __ __end of the parental DNA strand, meaning the new DNA strand grows __ to ___
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3 prime, 5 to 3
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The ___ strand is created continuously. The ___ strand is made discontinously.
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leading, lagging
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okazaki fragments
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the segments of DNA that are synthisized in the lagging strand
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DNA ligase
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joins the sugar phosphate backbones of the Okazaki fragments
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mismatch pair
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enzymes remove and replace incorrectly paired nucleotides that have resulted from replication errors
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nuclease
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an enzyme that cuts out a segment of a DNA strand that has been damaged
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telomeres
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multiple repetitions at the end of DNA molecules that protects the genes of eukaryotes from being eroded away during replicationo
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