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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are enzymes? |
Enzymes are proteins that help reactions to happen– they speed up chemical reactions They can only speed up reactions that wouldhappen eventually (may take years) |
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What are enzyme properties? |
They are usually specific for their substrates They are not consumed (destroyed) in the process They have optimal conditions: 1. pH 2. Temperature |
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Enzymes are a type of _______, which function to ________________ |
protein; speed up chemical reactions |
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What are nucleotides and what is their function? |
*Their functions include: 1. Energy (ATP) 2. Cell metabolism (NAD+/NADH * Small compounds consisting of a five carbon sugar, withattached phosphate groups, and a nitrogenous base. * There are 5 nucleotides because the bases are different: Adenine, Thymine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine |
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What three things make up a nucleotide? |
1. a phosphate 2. a sugar 3. a nitrogenous base |
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Image of a nucleotide |
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Describe RNA |
*RNA Is single-stranded * Has the sugar ribose * Has the nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil |
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Image of RNA |
Find image |
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Describe DNA and its function |
DNA * Has two strands that form a distinctive double helix * Has the sugar deoxyribose * Has the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine,cytosine, and thymine |
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What is the sugar in RNA? |
Ribose |
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What is the sugar molecule in DNA? |
Deoxyribose |
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What are the bases in RNA? |
Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil |
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What are the bases in DNA? |
Adenine, guanine, cytosine,thymine |
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Number of strands in RNA and DNA |
*2 in DNA(twisted to form double helix) * 1 in RNA |
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What is a monomer? |
A monomer is the individual unit that makes up a polymer |
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What is a polymer? |
Example: starch is polymer made up of monomer units of glucose |
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What is the monomer unit for the polymers: 1. starch 2.cellulose 3.glycogen 4.protein 5.nucleic acids - DNA and RNA |
1. glucose 2. glucose 3.glucose 4. amino acid 5.nucleotides |
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Are complex carbohydrates monomers or polymers? |
polymers (glucose is the monomer unit of carbohydrate) |
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Enzymes are what type of organic compound? |
Proteins. Enzymes are made up of amino acids. |
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Of what are nucleic acids made? |
Nucleotides. (DNA,RNA) |
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What are genes? |
Genes are our units of inheritance. Segments of long polymers called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
