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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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blending concept of inheritance
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myth that two parents of contrasting appearance always produced offspring of intermediate appearance
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particulate theory of inheritance
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theory of inheritance based o the existence of minute particles of hereditary units (genes)
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true-breeding
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a population that exhibit one and only one form of any given trait for multiple generations
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monohybrid cross
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a cross between parents that differ in only one trait
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P generation
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the original parent plants in Mendel's crosses
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F1 generation
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the original generation offspring of the P generation
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F2 generation
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the second generation offspring of the P generation
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Law of Segregation
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Each individual has two factors for each trait
The factors segregate during the formation of gametes Each gamete contains only one factor of each trait from each pair of factors Fertilization gives each new individual two factors of each trait |
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gene
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unit of heredity existing as alleles on the chromosomes
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alleles
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alternate forms of a gene for the same trait
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dominant allele
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allele that mask the expression of the recessive allele
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recessive allele
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allele whose expression is masked by the dominant allele
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gene locus
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specific location of a particular gene on homologous chromosomes
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homozygous
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possessing two identical alleles for the same trait
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heterozygous
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possessing unlike alleles for the same trait
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genotype
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genes of an organism for a particular trait or traits, often designated by the letters
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phenotype
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the visible expression of a genotype, the physical appearance of an individual
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punnett square
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grid used to calculate the expected results of simple genetic crosses
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testcross
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cross between an individual with the dominant phenotype and an individual with a recessive phenotype
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dyhybrid cross
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a cross between two parents that differ in two traits
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