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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Asexual vs Sexual advantages and disadvatages |
Sexual> Partner needed Advantages:Diversity Survival Increase Disadvantages:Finding a partnerEnergy Costly Asexual>Self fertilization Advantages:No partner needed Not Energy Costly Disadvantages:No Diversity Decrease in Survival |
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What is budding, fission and fragmentation? |
bud> mini version of adult form fission> divide adult form fragmentation> regenerating |
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What are gonads and what do they produce? |
Sexual reproduction organs Produce> gametes(sex cells) |
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Are gametes haploid or diploid? |
Haploid |
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What is the path of sperm from the testes to the external environment? |
testes(sperm production)>seminiferous tubules>epididymis>vas deferens(translocate sperm)>urethra(move sperm or urine out of the body)> to external environment |
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Are spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, and spermatids diploid or haploid? |
Spermatogonia>Diploid Primary Spermatocytes>Diploid Secondary Spermatocytes>Haploid Spermatids>Haploid |
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What are the three parts of a mature sperm cell? |
Head>Neck> Flagella |
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What is the function of the acrosome and mitochondriain a sperm cell? |
Acrosome function: enzyme to penetrate the egg cell. Mitochondrial function: ATP to move flagella |
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When do human males start producing sperm? |
Human males don't produce sperm until sexual maturity |
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How are testosterone (or androgens), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),hypothalamus, and anterior pituitary involved in the production of sperm? |
Androgens- produce the negative feedback to create the hypothalamus. Lutienizing Hormone- hormone released in the anterior pituitary. Anterior Pituitary- hormone released from hypothalamus. Follicle-stimulating hormone- hormone released into the testes. Hypothalamus- negative feedback that receives the stimuli from other areas of the brain. |
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What causes more or less sperm to be produced in the testes? |
luteinizing horomone |
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What is the path of a human egg from the ovary to the uterus? |
Ovary>Oviduct>Uterus |
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Are oogonia, primary oocytes, secondary oocytes, ova, and polar bodies diploid or haploid? |
haploid |
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What occurs during each of the three menstrual cycle phases |
oogenisis |
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Approximately how many primary oocytes are human females born with? |
1 million |
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Approximately how manysecondary oocytes do human females release during their life? |
400-500 |
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What is the function of a follicle and corpus luteum? |
Follicle protects and nourishes the egg. Corpus Luteum secretes hormones to maintain the lining of the uterus |
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What is the function of estrogen, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), hypothalamus, and posterior pituitary in the production of oocytes? |
Function of FSH: maturation of the follicle Function of LH: causes menstruation Function of hypothalumus: releases a release hormone telling the pituitary gland to release LH and FSH Function of estrogen: alkja Function of progesterone: lkjlkj |
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What causes more or less oocytes to be produced in the ovaries? |
When progesterone and estrogen are high it causes more oocytes to be produced |
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When does the secondary oocyte complete meiosis? |
Secondary oocyte completes meiosis when a sperm reaches the egg |
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What releases hCG, and what is its function? |
The zygote releases hCG to notify the mother that it is there and keep the uterine lining thick |
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What are four differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis? |
Spermatogenesis Four Gamete Starts after birth Meiosis occurs Keeps reproducing Oogenesis Once Gamete Starts before birth Meiosis occurs at fertilization Only releases 300-400 |
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What do the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands contribute to the ejaculate (orseminal fluid)? |
Seminal Vesicles- holds the liquid that mixes with sperm to form semen. Prostate Gland- secretes fluid that nourishes and protects the sperm. Bulbourethral Gland (Cowper's Gland)- located beneath the prostate gland, and it adds fluids to the semen during the process of ejaculation. |
