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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are polymers made up of? |
Monomers |
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what are monomers? |
small molecular subunits that are bonded together to make monomers |
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what are the 4 types of carbon living things? |
1) lipids 2) carbo. 3) proteins 4) nucleic acids |
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Whats the difference between benign and malignant tumor? |
benign- do not affect surrounding tissue malignant- invade surrounding tissue |
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what does metastasis mean? |
cancer cell breaks away and resumes growing in new location |
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Cell Division |
1) Interphase 2) prophase (chromo. become visible) 3) Metaphase (line up in middle) 4) anaphase (pull sister chromatids) 5) Telophase (spindle dissolves) 6) Cytokinesis
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What is the multiple hits model? |
more then one hit for someone to get cancer
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What is the frameshift mutation? |
insertion or deletion of DNA |
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What are the 3 types of RNA? |
1) mRNA (messenger RNA) 2) tRNA (transfer RNA) 3) rRNA (ribosomal RNA) |
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what does the repressor and activator do for a gene? |
the repressor: blocks access of RNA polymerase (turns gene off) and the activator: enhances polymerase binding (turn gene on) |
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What does directional fitness graph look like? |
-shifting the "n" over. High fitness. |
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What is genetic drift? |
- change in allele frequency that occurs by random chance |
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What are the 3 types of genetic drift? |
1) Bottleneck effect: population reduced from a catastrophe 2) Founder effect: small population mover to form a new 3) Chance: random |
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What does homology mean? |
1) traits of different species are similar in structure. arose from common ancestor
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Vestigial structure? |
functionless body part but important function |
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Alllopatric speciation |
results from physical separation of population |
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sympatric speciation |
occurs while population live near |
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what are the 3 domains of life? |
1) Bacteria (prok.) 2) Archaea (no pepitoglycan wall) 3) Eukaryotes |
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What is the endosymbiotic theory? |
2 prokaryotes live together with 2 origins |
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ATP (what makes it?) |
Nitro. base + ribose (sugar)+ 3 neg. P |
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photosynthesis equation |
CO2+H20--> Glucose + O2 |
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Respiration equation |
glucose + O2--> CO2 + ENERGY (ATP) |
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What does cellular respiration do? |
convert energy in food into ATP |
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(a) R>0?
(b) R< 0?
(c) R=0?
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(a) population increase "J" shape
(b) Population decrease
(c) population stable |
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what is carrying capacities symbol? |
k |
