Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ecology |
the study of interactions between organisms and their surroundings |
|
biosphere |
includes all communities on earth |
|
species |
groups of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
|
population |
a group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area |
|
community |
contains different populations living together in a defined area |
|
ecosystem |
contains all organisms in a community and their abiotic environment |
|
abiotic |
not living |
|
examples of abiotic |
air and water |
|
biome |
group of ecosystems with the same climate and similar communities |
|
autotrophs |
produce their own food. |
|
photosynthesis |
converts sunlight,water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen |
|
chemosynthesis |
inorganic minerals and carbon dioxide are used to produce sugars |
|
example of chemosynthesis |
bacteria living near hydrothermal vents |
|
autotrophs are also called |
producers |
|
how do heterotrophs acquire energy |
from other organisms |
|
heterotrophs are also called |
consumers |
|
herbivores eat |
plants |
|
carnivores eat |
animals |
|
omnivores eat |
both plants and animals |
|
detritivores feed on |
dead matter |
|
give three examples of detritivores |
mites, worms, and crabs |
|
______ break down organic matter and release inorganic nutrients back into the environment |
decomposers |
|
give two examples of decomposers |
bacteria and fungi |
|
why are detritivores and decomposers so important |
prevent build up of waste |
|
food web |
links all the food chains in an ecosystem together |
|
each level is called a ___ level |
trophic |
|
two body functions that would use energy |
digestion, cellular respiration |
|
producer has |
100 percent |
|
1st consumer has |
10 percent |
|
2nd consumer has |
1 percent |
|
3rd consumer has |
.1 |
|
the _____ _____ shows the amount of living organic matter within a trophic level |
biomass pyramid |
|
the ___ ___ ____ shows the number of individual organisms at each trophic level |
pyramid of numbers |
|
_____ is recycled through ecosystems in biogeochemical cycles |
matter |
|
fresh water makes up only ____ percent |
3 |
|
evaporation |
liquid to a gas |
|
condensation |
gas to liquid |
|
give four examples of precipitation |
rain, snow, hail, and fog |
|
_____ is the evaporation of water through the leaves of plants. water exits through the ____ |
transpiration, stomata |
|
every living organism needs ____ to build tissues and carry out essential life functions |
nutrients |
|
all living things are made ___ ___ , all organic molecules contain ____ |
organic molecules, carbon |
|
five ways carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere |
breathing, burning of fossil fuels, breakdown of bones, erosions, and volcanic activity |
|
carbon is removed from the atmosphere due to ___ |
photosynthesis |
|
carbon is also removed from the atmosphere due the decomposition and burial of dead organisms. this stores ____. eventually dead organisms are converted to ______,___,____ |
underground, coals, gas, oil |
|
all organisms require nitrogen to make ____ ___ and ___ _____ |
amino acids, and nucleic acids |
|
what is needed to make proteins |
amino acids |
|
what inside to make ATP,DNA, and RNA |
nucleic acid |
|
what is the function of ATP |
source of energy for cellular functions |
|
nitrogen gas makes up ___ of earths atmosphere. oxygen makes up ____, living organisms cannot use nitrogen in the form of ____ |
78 percent, 21 percent, and gas |
|
nitrogen fixation |
nitrogen is converted to a form that plants can use |
|
two places that bacteria is found |
on the roots of legumes, live freely in soil and water |
|
list two additional places nitrogen is found |
wastes and decaying organisms |
|
dentrification |
soil bacteria convert nitrates back into nitrogen gas |
|
phosphorus is found in |
ATP, DNA, and RNA |
|
phosphorus does not enter the atmosphere where is it found |
rock, soil minerals, and ocean sediments |
|
primary productivity |
rate at which organic materials is made by producers |
|
the rate is controlled by amount of ____ ____ |
available nutrients |