Bible Is A Story

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MHC-1 Processing

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the most Shameful Generation

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1) The groups of people who escaped from Egypt in the wilderness just complained about not having food (Exodus 16) – the “grumbled” or “murmured” important. Since this group saw God’s power and then grumbled right away are known as the most Shameful Generation.

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Deuteronomy and Exodus 19-24 are all written similar to Ancient treaties, political format, this shows what?

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1) Covenantal underling is vassal (this is Israel), suzerain (is Yahweh) or the Lord in the relationship. The vassal will call out for help and the future suzerain will come to their aid but the suzerain will expect the vassal to be their underling
2) The used a political format to show the relationship; this is the start of a more intimate relationship
3) Called suzerain-vassal treaties. The Sinai Covenant is in this form

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D) Sinai Covenant

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1) Historical Prologue
2) Stipulations
3) Blessings and curses
4) List of Witnesses
5) Provision for storage of the Covenant document, and re-pledging (re-celebration)

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Sinai Covenant: Historical Prologue

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(a) First words expressing what happened in the past; started with Israel crying out and Yahweh answer and is going to impose terms of the relationship

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Sinai Covenant Stipulations

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(a) General (apodictic) – love your neighbor as yourself, then it led into the story of the Good Samaritan. Not a precise definition. The Ten Commandments (Ch 20). Also called Decalogue (the ten commandments)
(b) Specific (Casuistic “if…then”)

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Sinai Covenant: Blessings and curses

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(a) If you do these things, I will protect you – blessing. If you follow these things, then things will go well for you in the promise land, live through childbirth, many male children, will be independent of foreign powers, fruitful land
(b) Deuteronomy ch 7
(c) Curses are the opposite…will result in death and under foreign rule. They had a “fall” because they were under a curse due to their lack of faith.

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Sinai Covenant: List of Witnesses

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(a) Yahweh uses Heaven and Earth as witnesses

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Provision for storage of the Covenant document, and re-pledging (re-celebration)

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(a) Don’t want to lose it, because it will forget
(b) Like re-saying your vows of marriage. The Suzerain will insist on this, especially with a new local ruler

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F) Epitome of the tablets

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1) Deut 6:4
2) Leviticus: 19:18
3) Yahweh gives Moses the first tablets and wrote on them. Moses brought up the second set and he wrote on them, not using the same words. Inferiors (no one shall appear before me empty handed, 6 days you shall work). Look at Exodus 34, it is with the second set that we get the “10 commandments”
(a) The Israelites get the second set, they do not get the set “from Heaven” since Moses broke the first ones. This creates an expectation of God giving God’s people his set

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Moses’ Rock

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1) Exodus 17 and Numbers 20 (two versions of the same story, from two different tribes)
2) Strike the rock with his holy stick and he will get water, happened in Rephidim (in Exodus). The second story it happens at Kadesh, Yahweh tells Moses to speak to the rock and it will give forth its water, but the Israelites hassle him so Moses hits the rock twice with his stick and water comes out. Yahweh says that since he did not trust God then God told him he will not lead the people into the promised land
3) Ancients believed that this was the same place since there can’t be many water giving rocks (look up in 1 Corinthians 10:4). They believed that the rock followed them (cameo of Jesus, Jesus is referred to as a rock or stone in Biblical theology)

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Tabernacle

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1) While on Sinai, God tells Moses to build a tabernacle (means tent, dwelling place of God and a Holy Place)
2) “have them make me a tabernacle so I have a sanctuary so I can dwell with them” Exodus 25: 8
3) “Pattern that I show you” verse 9, Ancients believe that God showed Moses how to build it
4) Eidos=form, idea; Moses saw a perfect copy but then built an imperfect copy. Goes along that God will bring the Tabernacle and the 10 commandments for them
5) Tribes are camped in units around the tabernacle (Moses and Aaron dwell the closest since it is holiest outside the tabernacle, look at Libs’ drawing, then the Levites around Moses and Aaron. Levites are in charge of the cultus [special garments]). Tithes come from something. Also know the tribe of Judea (tribe of Kings due to Gen 49:10
6) Concentric Circles of Holiness (the tribes spread out around the Tabernacle with the holiest space in the middle). Churches are no longer set up like this because it separates God from the pe

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Yahweh wants the covenant to cover every aspect of your life

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1) Eating for example, Lev 11: Kosher: allowed to eat carrion (sky), animals, that chew cud and are split-hooved (land), also fish that are scaled and fins (sea).
2) Every seven years give your land a Sabbath (break)
3) Lev 25, 50th year is the Jubilee year (7x7)
4) Us not having slaves in the modern world make us the exception since throughout time there have always been slaves. Israelites were supposed to treat their slaves differently

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Deut 29:19

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1) How you harvest your crops, “when you harvest your crops, if you forget one, don’t go back to get it but leave it to the alien, orphan so God may bless you.” Story of Ruth
2) Yahweh took the sides of the lowest of the low in the Exodus story and now expects Israel to do the same. Rescue the “slaves” (the lowest of the low, slave is a metaphor for this group, also known as the vulnerable, poor). This is why Israel is prosperous since they didn’t take care of the lowest of the low when they forgot the vulnerable

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Day of Atonement

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1) Yom Kipur – Leviticus Chapter 16, priest is supposed to take two goats (one to Yahweh or Azazeal, one goat is sacrificed and the other is a scapegoat, the priest takes his hands and place them on the goat, the goat takes all the sins and runs off into the woods bearing the sins of the people. A mean of national cleanse

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C) S-V treaty. It has been called, “Moses’ reflection at Boundary” – Moses has brought the next generation (1st generation died), it is at the boundary since Moses cannot go, he must stay in the Wilderness. He knows what is going to happen but cannot do anything about it. Like parents leaving their kids for college

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1) “When you get into the land, you will forget your covenant with Yahweh”
2) They took steps as to not forget it. Deut chapter six: verse 4, The shema’ – means hear, it is a modern Jews recite this as daily prayer.
3) They need reminders so it should be on your body, write them on the doorposts,
4) The land – Moses teaches Israel to think of the land as three things
5) Promise of Restoration

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4) The land – Moses teaches Israel to think of the land as three things,

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(a) 1. Always a gift (God’s gift to Israel. Gift means grace, free gift – it means, DID ISRAEL EARN THIS LAND? No, Yahweh brought them to this land),
(b) 2. Always an obligation (primary obligation is to give back to the orphans, widows and aliens. Take care of them in the land. First obligation is to have no other gods but Yahweh),
(c) 3. Land is going to be a temptation to you (Moses identifies them as the gods of the land, a “snare” – this is because they are unsure if God is an agrarian god, in polytheistic societies, the gods of the land make crops grow and with the annual cycle of nature). The Israelites did not believe that the same warrior God that saved them was the same one who made their land grow

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Land is going to be a temptation to you (Moses identifies them as the gods of the land, a “snare” – this is because they are unsure if God is an agrarian god, in polytheistic societies, the gods of the land make crops grow and with the annual cycle of nature). The Israelites did not believe that the same warrior God that saved them was the same one who made their land grow

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(i) An example, to figure out how to farm after wondering for 40 years (one generation), they would ask the Canaanites, the Canaanites would say that they would have to pray to the agricultural gods and make sacrifices
(ii) Gods like Ba’al (Ba’alim – plural). Ba’al means just means lord, so that is who they need to make sacrifices to
(iii) Asherah – very important for agriculture and fertility cycles of nature, Asherôt means Sacred Pole (an example would be like totem poles)
(iv) Ba’al and Asherah would be the gods to pray to for fertility of the land

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Promise of Restoration

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Little bit after this, Moses is going to die, so he is climaxing Deuteronomy. If you remember the blessings and curses, after you are spread out and return to Yahweh your God (return means behavior changes, repentance means change) and the rest of verse two gives the extent of changing. The Ancients saw this as loving God with all your heart and all your soul, “obey his voice and all I do”
(i) The Pharisees in the NT at first believe in Jesus but then see him being unfaithful to the Torah and is not obeying everything with everything he has got
(b) Continued from a) “Call upon Heaven and Earth.” Choose life

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Shophet

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Hebrew term for Judges; they are God’s form of government prior to the request for a king. Term for the leadership is Charismatic as in (theological), one who is chosen and empowered by Yahweh (not hereditary)

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The need for a king

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1) Sam 8:1, the last of the Judges since he chose his son to be a Shophet since it wasn’t Yahweh who chose it. His sons were unjust (perverted justice) and they came to Samuel to talk to him and ask SAMUEL for a king to rule them like other nations
2) They want a king (most think it is because the Philistines are threatening to take over land and the Israelites want a king to unit them and fight them off). However, Yahweh fights for them. A request of a king is a sign to Yahweh as a sign of rejection of Him. This is negative
3) Yahweh said “ok” lets give them a king, but before they get a king, Samuel must tell them how a King is like – take your children, and your sons to make them run in front of his chariot and your daughters as perfume ladies (and harems), take everything good about your land/stuff. When things have gotten that bad, they will cry out because of your chosen king, Yahweh will not answer
4) Yahweh has Samuel chose the first king of Israel named Saul. Yahweh and

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Saul

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The tragic hero; almost doomed from the start.

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Mi’chal :

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Saul’s daughter and David’s first wife and Jonathon is his son, who becomes his best friend. Everyone loves him

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6) Saul’s death

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(a) Two stories, one that Saul fell on his own sword
(b) One that Saul was wounded and someone killed him. Then they ran up to David, expecting a reward, but then David has the person killed since he killed the one anointed by God. David respects his position
(c) In 2 Samuel 1 when David finds out that Saul and Jonathon died, David creates a “Song of Bow” in lamentation of them both. “Oh how the mighty have fallen!” A beautiful poem
(d) After Saul’s death, David slowly became Israel’s king (circa 1000 BC or so for the start of Saul’s death). David did not become the King of unified Israel right away, first just the king of the Tribe of Judea (where all the kings come from)

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Abnor

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Saul’s right hand man, and wants to convince the Northern tribes to make David their king

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Abnor is Saul’s right hand man, and wants to convince the Northern tribes to make David their king

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1) Joab and his brothers kill Abnor before he can do this; even though David did not call for it
2) Absalom (David’s son) overthrows David and does so successfully but David’s troops are still loyal to him. David orders the troops to capture Absalom but not kill him, however, Joab kills him

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Why it is called the City of David??

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David takes Jerusalem from the Jesusites (a neutral city), he ruled from Judea and so when he wanted to unify the Seven Tribes, he chose a neutral city.

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David takes Jerusalem from the Jesusites (a neutral city), he ruled from Judea and so when he wanted to unify the Seven Tribes, he chose a neutral city. This is why it is called the City of David

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1) Took and remarried Mi’chal (they were separated after David fled, she doesn’t want this) but this unites Saul/David’s families

2) He wanted to make a central place for the tribes of Israel

3) Religiously, he decides that he wants to bring all sacred items to Jerusalem; the Arc of the Covenant and the Tabernacle
(a) Clothed only in an ephod (appears to be a bib but no one is sure), David is down exalting the Arc and Mi’chal confronts him about this saying that he was down there dancing with the “slave women” wearing only a bib

4) Built a palace in Jerusalem too

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Third of the Great Promises

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first two: Promises to Abraham [Land, great nation, power?] and Restoration

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Third of the Great Promises (first two: Promises to Abraham [Land, great nation, power?] and Restoration), Chapter Seven

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