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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Expression of the average volume and size of individual erthrocytes
Normal 80-100 |
MCV- Mean Corpuscular Volume
Microcytic,<80 macrocytic>100 |
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Expression of the average amt & wghtof hgb contained in a single erthrocyte
Normal 26-34 |
MCH-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
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Expression of the average Hgb concentration or proportion of each RBC occupied by Hgb as a percentage:More accurate than MCH
Normal 32-36% |
MCHC- Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
hypochromic<32% normochromic32-36% hyperchrominc>36% |
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Low MCV
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Iron deficiency and thalassemia
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High MCV
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B12 or folate deficiency, alcoholism, liver failure, & drug effects
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Normocytic
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Anemia of chronic disease, sickle cell disease, renal failure, blood loss, and hemolysis
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Most common cause of anemia
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Iron deficiency -microcytic/hypochromic
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S&S Iron deficiency
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few sx unless Hgb falls below 30
PICA Dyspnea w/ exercise Headache palpatations weakness tachycardia postural hypotension pallor |
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Labs/Diagnostics for Iron deficiency anemia
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Low Hgb
Low Hct Low MCV( microcytic) Low MCHC(hypochromic) Low serum iron Low ferritin High TIBC High RDW (red cell distribution) |
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Microcytic
hypochromic genetic anemia |
Thalassemia
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Labs/Diagnostics in Thalassemia
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Low Hgb
Low MCV( microcytic) Low MCHC( Hypochromic) Normal TIBC Norma; ferritin Decreased a or B Hgb chains |
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A macrocytic/ normochromic anemia
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Folic acid deficiency
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How do you differentiate between B12 deficiency and folic acid deficiency
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There are no neurological sins w/ folic acid deficiency
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S&S of folic acid deficiency
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fatigue
dyspnea pallor headache tachycardia anorexia GLOSSITIS |
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Labs/diagnostics in folic acid deficiency
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Hct & RBC decreased
MCV elevated( macrocytic) MCHC normal Serum folate decreased Red blood folate<100ng/ml |
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A macrocytic, normochromic anemia d/t an intrinsic factor which results in the malabsorption of B12
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Pernicious Anemia
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S&S Pernicious anemia
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weakness
glossitis palpitations dizziness anorexia PARESTHSIA LOSS OF VIBRATORY SENSE LOSS OF FINE MOTOR CONTROL POSITIVE ROMBERG POSITIVE BABINSKY |
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Labs/diagnostics in pernicious anemia
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Decreased Hgb,Hct,Rbcs
MCV increased (macrocytic) Serum B12 decreased Anti-IF and antiparietal cell antibody |
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Chronic normocytic,normochromic anemia associated w/chronic inflammation,infection,renal failure, and malignancy
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Anemia of chronic disease
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labs/diagnstics in Anemia of chronic disease
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H&H low
MCV normal MCHC normal Serum iron & TIBC low Serum ferritin high |
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Pain from this anemia occurs as a result of tissue ischemia and blood hyperviscosity
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Sickle cell anemia
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Factors that precipatate sickling
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Hypoxia
infections high altitudes dehydration physical or emotional stress surgery, blood loss, acidosis |
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Pancytopenia w/ circulating blasts are a hallmark of this leukemia
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ALL (Acute lymphocytic leukemia)
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Consitutes 80% of ACUTE leukemias in adults
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AML Acute myelogenous leukemia
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Most common leukemia in adults
Lymphocytosis is the hallmark |
CLL Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
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Associated w/ Philadelphia chromosome
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CML-Chronic myelogenous leukemia
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How is Hodgkins differentiaed from non-hodgkeins lymphoma?
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Hodgkins disease show the presence of the Reed-Sternberg cell
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