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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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RutherFord's experiment supported |
An atom nucleus is smaller, dense and has positive charge |
Nucleus |
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Density of an atom's nucleus |
The nucleus occupies little of the atoms volume contains most of its mass |
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Rutherford experiments discovered |
Protons |
In the nucleus |
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What is in the nucleus of an atom |
Protons and neutrons |
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Group 1A |
Alkali metals |
It's a metal |
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Theory Def. |
Have been repeatedly confirmed |
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2 properties of metals |
High density Strong |
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Ionic bonds |
Metal plus nonmetal |
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Atoms |
Building blocks of matter |
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Element |
A substance that cannot be separated into a simpler substance |
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Electronegativity element |
Flurorine |
An element noble hass |
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Conservation of matter |
In any process matter is neither created or destroyed |
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Thompson discovered the |
Electron |
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Def ionization energy |
Energy needed to remove an electron from an atom |
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What group had the Lowest ionazation energy |
Alkali metals They want to get rid of an electron Have a weak nuclear force |
Metals |
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Def hypothesis |
Limited evidence starting point for further investigation |
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Def Control variable |
The standard that is used for comparison |
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Def Dependant variable |
Is what you measure in the experiment |
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Spectral lines are result of |
Electrons release energy and return to a low energy levels |
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Def Observation |
An act of viewing a factor occurance |
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Quantitative |
Amount |
Quantity |
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Semimetals |
Metals and nonmetals Insulate and conduct electricity |
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Def electron affinity |
The ability am atom has to accept an electron |
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Group 8A |
Noble gasses |
Gasses |
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What is the periodic law |
Similarities chemical / physical reoccur |
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What family does not make ions and why |
Noble gasses They have a full outer shell of electrons |
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Group 7A |
Halogens |
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2 properties of non metals |
Poor conductors of heat They are brittle |
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Def Isotopes |
Same number of protons different number of neutrons |
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Ionic bonding |
Ions are held together by the electrostatic attraction of opposite charges |
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Octet rule |
Atoms gain,lose or share electrons in order to have 8 valence electrons in their outer shell |
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Atomic radius |
Distance from the center of the nucleus to the outside shell of electrons |
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Elements try to satisfy the octet rule |
Electron affinity |
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Def Electronegativity |
The attaraction that an atom has for electrons in a chemical bond |
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Nonmetals |
Poor conductors of heat Make negative ions |
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Symbol for change |
Triangle 🔼 |
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Collision theory |
Atoms, ions, and molecules can react to form products when they collide with one another |
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Catalyst |
Increase reaction rate without being consumed in he reaction |
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Solute |
Substance being disolved |
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Solvent |
Present in greater amount doing the dissolving dissolver |
Dissolver |
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Saturated solution |
No more substance dissolves |
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Unsaturated solution |
More substance dissolves |
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Supersaturaded solution |
Becomes unstable crystals form |
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How does Pressure affect solubility of gasses |
Tend to dissolve the best |
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Def Intramolecular |
Forces that exist inside the molecule |
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Intermolecular |
Forces of attraction between neighboring molecules |
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Equilibrium |
Is established when forward and reverse reaction rates are equal |
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Properties of acids |
Sour taste Conduct electricity Change indicators |
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Bases |
Bitter taste Conduct electricity React with acids |
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Conjugated bases |
Remainder of the original acid |
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Conjugated acid |
When the base gains a hydrogen ion |
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Half life |
Time it takes for one half of a radioactive sample to decay |
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What happens to the nucleus of an atom during fission |
The splitting of the nucleus into smaller fragments |
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What happens to the nucleus during fusion |
Nuclei split |
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