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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are vets involved in animal welfare? |
-Evaluate welfare of animals -Educate clients on welfare -Educate other stakeholders (inc public). -Develop standards for animal care -Draft laws to protect the welfare of various species -Enforce welfare standards within voluntary or regulatory frameworks. |
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What conflict of interest do vets face when dealing with animal welfare and producers? |
Difficult to challenge producer approaches when economoic livelihood is based on producer engagement |
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Animal rights activists... |
generally oppose use of animals |
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Animal welfare activists... |
animal use is OK, humane treatment of animals |
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How have science and animal myth evolved together? |
Changes in beliefs about the nature of animals is correlated with changes in our ethical beliefs about how animals should be treated. Science has started eroding the idea of human uniqueness- comparative anatomy, common ancestry, animal behaviour |
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What is meant by agricultural animal mythology? |
People believe in the virtuous pastoralist and agrarian ideals. If the public perceives animal agriculture as conforming to one or both of these ideals, it is almost guaranteed a certain level of public trust and approval. Challenges: few have connections to or understandings of agriculture so perception is reality. |
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Virtuous pastoralist |
An idea in agricultural animal mythology. -Raising of domestic herds is an important economic activity. -Living possessions must be given appropriate care -Raising and killing animals is legitimate and even virtuous. |
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Agrarian ideal |
Idea in agricultural animal mythology. -family farm living in a harmonious relationship with the land -diligent animal care |
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Animal Welfare definition |
Animal welfare refers to the state of the animal; the treatment that an animal received is covered by other terms. -How an animal is coping with the conditions in which it lives |
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What does animal welfare encompass? |
Physiological health, hygiene, and comfort, as well as the mental or psychological health of the animal. |
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3 Rs |
Refinement - fine tune research techniques to minimize pain and stress. Reduction - Reduce the animal use through careful experimental design. Replacement - consider alternatives to animal use. |
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Origins of farm animal welfare |
Ruth Harrison -Wrote book "Animal machines: the new factory farming industry" -Use and misuse of hormones and antibiotics. -Care and handling of farm animals. |
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Brambell Committee/Report |
1964: UK gov't appointed a technical committee to examine conditions of livestock, advise about whether standards should be set in interests of welfare 1965: Report aknowledged that confinement may offer advantages, idea that animals can suffer, concept of behavioural needs. -Led to the development of animal welfare science |
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Five freedoms |
1. Freedom from hunger, thirst, and malnutrition. 2. Freedom from discomfort. 3. Freedom from pain, injury, and disease 4. Freedom to express normal behaviour 5. Freedom from fear and stress. |
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Three conceptions of animal welfare |
Feelings: suffering, pleasure Functioning: Productivity, health Natural behaviour |
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How have the three conceptions of animal welfare changed over time? |
Feelings and natural behaviours have been more emphasized because people not a part of production care more now. |
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Compromise model for definition and use of animal welfare measures |
Animals have adaptations for environments with associated challenges. Ideally, these adaptations suit the enviro. They can be in one of three conditions: 1. Adaptations which no longer serve an important function 2. Challenges for which the animal lacks corresponding adaptations. 3. Challenges for which the animal has corresponding adaptations |
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Adaptations which no longer serve an important function in conceptual model of welfare problems |
E.g., stripes on a zebra in a zoo, motivation to suck/forage, sow nest building. -Can lead to abnormal behaviours and negative emotional states |
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Challenges for which the animal lacks corresponding adaptations in conceptual model of welfare problems |
e.g., obesity with available diets, lack of pathogen avoidance. -Impair function with little evidence of avoidance of suffering until it's too late. |
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Challenges for which the animal had corresponding adaptations in conceptual model of welfare problems |
E.g., thermoregulatory adaptations for fluctuating temps -problems can still occur depending on degree of challenge -good relationship between feelings and functioning. |
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Traditional vs new perception of agriculture |
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