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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are Freud's stages of development?
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0-1 Oral
1-3 Anal 3-5 Phallic/Oedipal 6-11 Latency 11-20 Genital |
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Define the Id, Ego, Superego
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Id = Primal urges, sex, aggression (unconscious drives and instincts)
Superigo = moral values/conscience (absent=antisocial, overactive=rigid/obsessive) Ego: mediates between two (defense mechanisms) |
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What are primary thought processes and secondary thought processes according to Freud?
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Primary = symbolic, convoluted, id-related (dreams)
Secondary= conscious,logical,sequential(Ego) |
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Define the following IMMATURE thought processes/ego defense mechanisms:
Denial |
avoidance of awareness of painful reality (substance abuse!!)
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Displacement
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Avoided feelings/ideas transferred to neutral person/object
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Projection
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attributing one's own traits/unnacceptable impulses to external source
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Rationalization
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proclaiming logical reasons for actions performed for another reason to avoid self-blame
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Reaction Formation
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turning repressed impulse into opposite (PREJUDICE - person who has homosexual impulse acting homophobic)
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Regression
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Turning back to previous ways of dealing with world (kids-retreat to bedwetting, dialysis-crying)
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Repression
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witholding an idea of feeling from consciousness (basic mechanism of all thought defenses)
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Splitting
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Belief people are ALL good or ALL bad
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Acting Out
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unnacceptable feelings/thoughts expressed in actions (tantrums)
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Dissociation
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Temporary drastic change personality, consciousness, memory, motor behavior to avoid emotional stress (extreme-multiple personalities)
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Fixation
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Remaining at more childish level development (men fixate on sports games)
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Identification
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Modeling behavior (abused becomes an abuser)
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Isolation
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Separating feelings from an idea/event (describing a murder w/o emotion)
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MATURE ego defenses:
Name all of them. SUPPRESSION |
Mature women wear SASH (sublimation, altruism, supression, humor)
VOLUNTARY witholding of idea from conscious awareness |
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HUMOR
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appreciating amusement of anxiety provoking situation
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SUBLIMATION
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replace unnacceptable wish with course of action that is similar but doesn't conflict with value system (using agression in business)
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ALTRUISM
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Alleviate guilt by unsolicited generosity to others
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Primary Gain
Secondary Gain Tertiary Gain |
Primary gain- what symptom does for patient's internal psyche
Secondary - what symptom gets patient (sympathy,etc) Tertiary gain - what caretaker gets (MD for interesting case) |
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Transference vs. Counter-transference
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Transference: patient projects own personal issues onto doctor
Counter-transf: doctor projects own issues onto patient |
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What are the Erikson stages of development for kids?
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0-1 year Trust vs. Mistrust (mother's sens. to infants signals important)
1-3 Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (terrible two's - kid trying to get autonomy) 3-6 Initiative vs. Guilt (fear of punishment for init, may dev. harsh superego) 6-11 Industry vs. Inferiority (school/peers - handicapped kids problems) 11-20 Identity vs. Role Diffusion (separ. from family) |
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What are the Erikson adult stages?
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20-40 Intimacy vs. isolation
40-65 Generativity vs. Stagnation (ability to care for others) 65+ Ego Integrity vs. Despair (maintain identity in face death) |
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What are Piaget's stages dependent on?
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Congnitive and Intellectual skills development
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What are they?
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0-2 Sensorimotor (early sensory-motor programs, lacks object constancy)
2-7 Preoperational (language, egocentric thinking, can't comprehend transformations btwn states) 7-11 Concrete Operational (logical reasoning, can't abstract) 11+ Formal Operational (can reason deductively, abstract, morality, justice,etc) |
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Describe Classical Conditioning
What can it explain? |
natural/unconditioned response (salivation) paired with unconditioned stimulus (food)
then Conditioned stimulus (bell) brings about unconditioned response (salivation) Phobias - example where fear of flying on airplane generalizes to fearing sound of planes |
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Describe Operant Conditioning
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Particular action elicited because produces reward.
Positive Reinforcement: Action brings reward Negative Reinforcement: Not performing action brings about unpleasant stimulus (mice push button to avoid shock) Both condition to DO action Punishment/Adversive Reinforcement: punishment when an action IS performed (using something unpleasant to suppress an action) |
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Continous Reinforcement Schedule vs. Variable
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Continuous: reward after every action, rapid extinction
Variable: reward after random # responses, slowly extinguished |
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What is the mean IQ?
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Mean 100, SD 15 (85-115)
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How is Mental Retardation defined?
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IQ<70 =MR
<40= severe MR <20 = Profound MR |
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How is IQ calculated?
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Mental Age/Chronological Age x 100
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Objective vs. Projective tests
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Objective: scorable responses
Prospective: responses can't be graded (rorsharch test for ex) |