Behavioral Science Ch. 9: Learning Theory

Front 1

Repeated stimulation that results in a decreased response

Back 1

habituation

Front 2

Repeated stimulation that results in an increased response

Back 2

sensitization

Front 3

A natural, reflexive, or unconditioned response is elicited by a learned or conditioned stimulus

Back 3

classical conditioning

Front 4

Type of stimulus that produces a natural or reflexive response

Back 4

Unconditioned

Front 5

Type of stimulus that produces a response following learning

Back 5

Conditioned

Front 6

A behavior that is learned by an association made between a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus

Back 6

Conditioned response

Front 7

A decrease and ultimate disappearance of the conditioned response due to the abscence of the stimulus

Back 7

Extinction

Front 8

A conditioned response that occurs if the stimulus is once again presented after extinction

Back 8

spontaneous recovery

Front 9

A 2 yr old child who is afraid of nurses in white uniforms and cries when his grandmother wears a white jacket is an example of?

Back 9

Stimulus generalization

Front 10

Learned helplessness is an example of

Back 10

classical conditioning

Front 11

When an animal receives a series of shocks that it is unable to escape from, the conditioned response is?

Back 11

Learned helplessness

Front 12

Learning that occurs because of the consequences to the individual of a previous behavior

Back 12

Operant conditioning

Front 13

The introduction of a stimulus that results in an increase in the behavior

Back 13

Positive reinforcement

Front 14

A child increases her studying in order to earn money is an example of?

Back 14

Positive reinforcement

Front 15

The removal of an adverse stimulant that results in an increase in the rate of behavior

Back 15

Negative reinforcement

Front 16

A child who does her homework to avoid being beaten like a bloody rag doll is an example of?

Back 16

Negative reinforcement

Front 17

Negative reinforcement is a major factor in?

Back 17

Medical compliance: a pt goes to the dr to avoid being illness

Front 18

The introduction of an adverse stimulus aimed at reducing the rate of an unwanted behavior

Back 18

Punishment

Front 19

In operant conditioning the gradual disappearance of behavior when reinforcement is withheld

Back 19

extinction

Front 20

Behavior is changed most effectively over long term by?

Back 20

Positive reinforcement or extinction. Punishment does not decrease behavior.

Front 21

Observational learning pattern in which an individual observes and imitates others' behavior

Back 21

Modeling

Front 22

Conditioning in which a person is rewarded each time he presents a desired behavior. Why is this useful? negative?

Back 22

Continuous reinforcement
Rapid establishment of new behavior
When the reinforcement is withdrawn, the response disappears (low resistance to extinction).

Front 23

Schedule of reinforcement in which the reinforcement is presented after a specific number of responses? specific length of time?

Back 23

Fixed Ratio
Fixed Interval
Positive: Fast response rate

Front 24

The force that prevents a behavior from disappearing when the reward is withheld. What reinforcement schedule takes most advantage of this?

Back 24

Resistance to extinction
Variable ratio and variable interval reinforcement

Front 25

A person is rewarded when he randomly shows something like the desired behavior. Closer and closer approximation of the wanted behavior are then reinforced until the correct behavior is achieved

Back 25

Shaping