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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what % of Americans are obese?
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25-50%
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more than 20% over ideal weight
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obese
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normal BMI
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20-25
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overweight BMI
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>25
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obese BMI
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>30
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formula for BMI
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(lb / in squared) * 705
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childhood overweight is determined by?
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at or above 95th percentile on growth charts
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most overweight kids are of what ethnicities?
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Mexican-Am and non-Hispanic blacks
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health probs assoc with obesity include:
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cardioresp probs, increased risk for hypercholesteremia, CA, DM, ortho probs and early death
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characterized by body weight more than twice normal, resp, CV and sleep problems
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Pickwickian syndrome
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2 genes implicated in obesity
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leptin receptor gene and melanocortin 4 receptor gene
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SEs of gastric bypass/banding
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vomiting, diarrhea, obstruction, electrolyte disturbance
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amphetamines ___ appetite
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decrease
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sympathomimetic amine, amphetamine-like agent
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phentermine
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2 weight loss agents taken off the market
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dexfenfluramine and fenfluramine
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pancreatic lipase inhibitor
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orlistat
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monoamine reuptake blocker which increases feeling of satiety
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sibutramine hydrochloride
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main SE of orlistat?
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GI upset
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main SE of sibutramine?
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elevated BP
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2 anticonvulsants indicated to help weight loss but not yet FDA approved:
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topiramate and zonisamide
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SE of purging
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malnutrition, electrolyte disturbance, arrhythmia
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SE of laxative abuse
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melanosis coli - blackened area of mucosa in colon
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engaging excessively in sports and exercise to loose weight
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hypergymnasia
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most common demographic for anorexia and bulimia:
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late adolescents and young adulthood
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what sets Kleine-Levin syndrome apart from eating disorders?
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they are not over-concerned with weight gain
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common characteristics of anorexia
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hypokalemia, amenorrhea, lanugo, decreased bone density, cold intolerance, syncope, fear of obesity, lack of interest in sex, denial
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common characteristics of bulimia
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esophageal varices, enamel erosion, irregular periods, hypokalemia, parotid gland swelling, Russel's sign, reports depression
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metacarpal-phalangeal calluses
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Russell's sign
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dx criteria for anorexia
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85% of normal expected weight (<17.5 BMI) or failure to gain weight in growth period, disturbed body image, fear of gaining weight, missed 3 consecutive periods
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tx of anorexia
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1. restore body weight, 2. strategies to prevent relapse
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drugs used to tx anorexia
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antidepressants, cyproheptadine (increases appetite)
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family probs assoc with anorexia
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parents' marital probs, controlling mother
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most effective type of therapy for anorexia
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family therapy
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dx criteria for bulimia
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recurrent episodes of binge eating, feeling out of control, purging, at least 2/week for 3 mo
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tx for bulimia
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cognitive-behavioral therapy, antidepressants
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