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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Shaping |
The reinforcement of successive approximations of a target behavior. Reinforcing each step towards the desired behavior |
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Approximations |
any behavior that resembles the target behavior |
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Illustrative Studies |
Steve - the Stutterer Chuck - the Hopeless One Matilda - the Clotheshorse |
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Variability |
Makes shaping possible because people often change how they do something. When the correct behavior presents itself via variability we then reinforce it |
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If a new approximation doesn't occur |
reinforce the last approximation up to three times. If it still doesn't occur drop back to a previous approximation |
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Backstep |
moving back to the previous step when progress has stalled |
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Behavior Chain |
a sequence of related behaviors, each of which provides the cue for the next, and the last of which produces a reinforcer |
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Task Analysis |
Breaking a task down into the simplest components |
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Chaining |
The successive reinforcement of pieces of a behavior chain |
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Backward Chaining |
Beginning with the last item in a chain and working your way backward toward the first |
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Illistrative Study |
Howard walks to school (Backward Chaining, Forward Chaining didn't work for Howard) |
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Rules for Chaining |
1) Define The Target Behavior 2) Reinforce successive elements of the chain 3) Monitor Results |
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Shaping vs Chaining |
Shaping reinforces at each successive step, chaining only reinforces at the end of the chain |
