Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Cost Minimization
|
MEdcations are considered equal, analysis is limited to cost evaluation. Pick cheapest one. If any doubt then perform cost effectiveness or cost benefit analysis.
|
|
|
Cost Effectiveness
|
Natural units (mmHg blood pressure, blood glucose).
Meds are not consiidered equal. Looking for what drug gives best "bang for the buck". Measures cost in dollars and outcomes in natural health units |
|
|
Cost Benefits
|
Looks at Dollars. Outcome is expressed as BENEFIT:COST or as net cost or net benefit
Pick the one with the greatest benefit |
|
|
Cost Utility
|
Takes into account measurements of health consequences.
Quality of Adjusted Life-Year |
|
|
What are some Indirect costs of pharmacoeconomics
|
Pain, psychological effects
|
|
|
Pharmacoeconomics
|
description and analysis of the costs and consequences of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical services and its effects on individuals, health care systems, and society. These costs and consequences typically include both economic and humanistic assessments
|
|
|
What is the ECHO model
|
Economic outcomes
Clinical outcomes Humanisitc outcomes |
|
|
Economic outcomes
|
direct, indirect, and intangible costs compared with the consequences of medical treatment alternatives
|
|
|
Clinical outcomes
|
medical events that occur as a result of disease or treatment
|
|
|
Humanistic Outcomes
|
consequences of disease or treatment on patient functional status, or quality of life, measured along several dimensions, e.g., physical functioning, social functioning, general health perceptions and well-being.
|
|
|
The ECHO model recognizes intermediary outcomes. What are some?
|
Clinical à direct costs of medical care assoc’d with each treatment, not just the direct cost of the pharmaceutical products (i.e. lab testing, ED visits, inpt hospitalizations, and costs of retreatment from product failure)
Humanistic - Indirect, or productivity costs assoc’d with the time lost from work, Direct nonmedical costs à transportation to the hospital, or physician’s office for treatment |
