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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What type of shock is?
1. Third spacing 2. MI 3. Pnuemothorax/ Pericardial tamponade 4. Septic/anaphylaxis, neurogenic |
1. Hypovolemic Third spacing
2. Cardiogenic MI 3. Obstructive Pnuemothorax/ Pericardial tamponade 4. Distributive Septic/anaphylaxis, neurogenic |
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What is the most common cause of Distributive shock?
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Septic shock
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1. Elevated HTN associated with pailledema and either encephalopathy or neuropathy?
2. What if this type of HTN is left untreated? |
1. Malignant HTN
2. Progression to Renal Failure |
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Systolic pressure > than 220 or the diastolic pressure is > than 125, Name the type of HTN?
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HTN Urgencies
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Diastolic pressure >130
Papilledema (indicates end organ damage), Name the type of HTN? |
HTN emergencies
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Deep S waves in V1 and V2, Tall R waves in V5 and V6?
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LVH
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When should loop diuretics be used instead of Thiazide diuretics for the initial treatment of HTN?
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In a patient with renal dysfunction use a loop instead of thiazide
examples? |
ferosemide,
terosemide |
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Metabolic Syndrome criteria
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Abdominal obesity,
triglycerides >150, HDL < than 40 in men and 50 in women. fasting glucose > 110 and HTN |
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Which anti hypertensive is preferable in black elderly?
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Ca channel blockers
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Antianginal used for chronic angina, it prolongs excersie duration
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Ranolazine
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What type of angina is exacerbated by physical activity and is relieved by rest?
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Stable Angina
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Dresslers syndrome?
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Pericarditis, Fever, Leukocytosis, pericardial effusion or pleural effusion 1-2 weeks post MI
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What type of angina, is caused by vasospasm at rest with preservation of excercise capacity?
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Prinzmetal's angina or variant
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Management of a patient with ACS and an acute ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI)
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A. Immediate intervention and reperfusion.
1. Aspirin and Clopidogrel (Plavix) 2. Immediate (within 90 minutes) coronary angiography 3. Thrombolytic therapy within first 3-12 hours of the onset of pain, this reduces both mortality and infarct size. |
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Which angina is increasing in pattern of pain in previously stable patients, less responsive to medications, lasts longer and occurs at rest or with less excertion?
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Unstable angina
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absolute contraindications of Thrombolytic therapy?
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1. Previous hemorrhagic stroke
2. Any stroke within one year 3. Brain tumor 4. Active internal bleeding 5. aortic dissection |
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What is among the most sensitive clinical signs of an anginal attack?
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Horizontal or downsloping ST-segments on ECG
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What does a Horizontal or downsloping ST-segments on ECG lead one to suspect?
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Angina attack
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What is the most useful and cost-effective noninvasive test for angina?
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Exercise stress test
(show ST-segment depression of 1mm is positive) |
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What drug prolongs life in patients with coronary disease and are the first-line therapy for chronic angina?
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B-Blockers
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What are the main side effects of Clopidogrel (Plavix)?
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1. Neutropenia
2. Hemorrhage 3. TTP |
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What are the 7 risk factors for coronary artery disease?
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1. Age
2. Male 3. Hypercholesterolemia 4. Family history 5. Cigarette smoking 6. HTN 7. Diabetes |
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Episodic chest pain pain lasting 5-15 minutes. Pain is provoked by cold or stress and is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. usually due to a fixed coronary lesion, Name the type of angina?
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Stable
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