Bbc: Path: Usmle Made Ridiculously Simple

Front 1

how do you visualize blebbing of cell and mitochondria bledding

Back 1

electron microscopy (light if for cell swelling and fatty change)

Front 2

when grandma cut her hand with the knife, what wound healing technique was used

Back 2

primary intension (clean simple cut)

Front 3

how are ulcers healed?

Back 3

healed by secondary intension

Front 4

what causes the fever in inflammation

Back 4

IL-1 and PG

Front 5

what causes vasodilation

Back 5

PG and NO

Front 6

what causes the exudate

Back 6

Histamine and bradykinin

Front 7

IL-8 does what

Back 7

chemotaxis

Front 8

complement 3b does what

Back 8

opsoinization = phagocytosis

Front 9

what causes inflammatory pain

Back 9

PG and bradykinin (brings the pain)

Front 10

what cytokines come from MACs

Back 10

IL-1, IL6 TNF alpha

Front 11

what cell produces IL 2,3,4,5

Back 11

t cells

Front 12

if you need to induce MHC 1, who ya gonna call

Back 12

INF alpha and beta

Front 13

what pathway is activated by antigens and which one is not

Back 13

classical (antigens) and alternate (yeast, bac, endotoxin etc)

Front 14

what is the common step in all complement pathways

Back 14

C3 point

Front 15

autoantibodies of diseases I don't remember (lupus, CREST, hashimotos thyroiditis, wegener's, primary biliary cirrhosis)

Back 15

lupus- anti-histone, CREST- anti centromere, hashimoto - anti microsomal, wegener's ANCA, PBC - anti mitochondrial

Front 16

what is amyloid and what are the three types and their asso disease

Back 16

extracellular substance, light chain (MM), AA - amyloid associated protein

Front 17

HS rxn: mediated by mast cells, basophils --> histamine

Back 17

type I immediate

Front 18

HS rxn: mediated by antibodies bind to cell surface and activate complement

Back 18

type II (IgM, IgG) cytotoxic

Front 19

type III hypersensitivity reaction

Back 19

immune complex mediated

Front 20

HS rxn: t cells (memory) activate macrophages and killer cells

Back 20

type IV delayed HS rxn

Front 21

what is the difference between acute and hyperacute transplant reactions

Back 21

hyperacute occurs after rxn to preformed antibodies (rare cause of compatibility testing)/acute is usually Type IV reactions

Front 22

cancer: asso with translocation of gene c-myc (transcription factor)

Back 22

Burkitt Lymphoma

Front 23

cancer: asso with c-abl translocation creating BCR-ABL or rearrangements causes the new sequence

Back 23

chronice myeloid lymphoma

Front 24

associated with bcl-2 over expression

Back 24

non-hodgkin lymphoma

Front 25

can you name the tumor suppressor genes?

Back 25

RB1 (retinoblastoma), BRCA-1 (breast and ovarian cancer), p53 (breast, colon, bronchial carcinomas)

Front 26

name the tumor for this marker: CEA

Back 26

adenocarcinoma (colon, lung, pancreas)

Front 27

alpha-fetoprotein

Back 27

hepatoma, twin preg, anencephalus

Front 28

where does brain, bone, and liver cancer usually come from

Back 28

lung > breast, breast > lung, colon > stomach > pancreas

Front 29

acid phosphotase

Back 29

prostate carcinoma

Front 30

which one is x-linked: cystic fibrosis, FAP, fabry disease

Back 30

fabry disease (cystic is AR, FAP AD)

Front 31

which is x-linked: marfans, Lesch Nyhan sydrome, chediak higashi syndrome

Back 31

lesch nyhan syndrome (marfans: AD, CHS- AR)

Front 32

which is x-linked: brutons agammaglobulinemia, hemochromatosis, huntington's disease,

Back 32

burtons (hemchromatosis - AR, huntingtons - AD)

Front 33

cystic fibrosis

Back 33

AR

Front 34

phenylketonuria

Back 34

AR

Front 35

albinism

Back 35

AR

Front 36

alpha 1 anti trypsin def

Back 36

AR

Front 37

thalassemia and sickle cell

Back 37

AR

Front 38

glycogen storage diseases

Back 38

AR

Front 39

mucopolysaccharidoses

Back 39

AR

Front 40

sphingolipidosses

Back 40

AR

Front 41

polycystic kidney disease (infant)

Back 41

AR

Front 42

hemochromatosis

Back 42

AR

Front 43

chediak higashi syndrome

Back 43

AR

Front 44

familial hypercholesterolemia

Back 44

AD

Front 45

FAP

Back 45

AD

Front 46

spherocytosis

Back 46

AD

Front 47

vWillebrand disease

Back 47

AD

Front 48

Ehlers-danlos sydnrome

Back 48

AD

Front 49

Marfan

Back 49

AD

Front 50

achondroplasia (dwarf)

Back 50

AD

Front 51

phacomatoses

Back 51

AD

Front 52

huntington's disease

Back 52

AD

Front 53

polycystic kidney disease (adult)

Back 53

AD

Front 54

hemophilia A/B

Back 54

xlinked

Front 55

G6PD

Back 55

xlinked

Front 56

fragile X

Back 56

x linked

Front 57

fabry syndrome

Back 57

xlinked

Front 58

Lesch Nyhan syndrome

Back 58

xlinked

Front 59

duchenne

Back 59

xlinked

Front 60

becker disease

Back 60

xlinked

Front 61

Bruton's agammaglobulinemia

Back 61

x linked

Front 62

Wiskott ALdrich syndrome

Back 62

x linked

Front 63

chronic granulomatous disease

Back 63

x linked

Front 64

what is associated with turner syndrome (X0)

Back 64

aortic coarctation, wide neck, streak ovaries, broad chest

Front 65

XXY

Back 65

klinefelter syndrome (extra X give female traits, high voice, gynecomastia, lack of facial hair)

Front 66

you infant cries like a kitten means?

Back 66

cri du chat syndrome (5p deletion)

Front 67

what is the difference between prader willi syndrome and angelman syndrome

Back 67

both have 15q11-13 deletion, but on different chromosomes (prader - paternal/angelman - materal deletion)

Front 68

HLA-DR3 predisposes to

Back 68

SLE, IDDM

Front 69

HLA- B27 predisposes to

Back 69

ankylosing spondylosis, reiter's syndrome, ulcerative colitis

Front 70

HLA DR4, Dw4, Dw14 predisposes to

Back 70

RA, Juvenile RA

Front 71

HLA A3 predisposes to

Back 71

hemochromatosis

Front 72

HLA-DR2

Back 72

MS, narcolepsy