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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aortic stenosis describe
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systolic murmur
due to age, or bicuspid |
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aortig regurgitation
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blowing diastolic murmur
due to luetic aneurysm, chronic HTN, dissecting AA, ankylosing spondylitis |
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mitral stenosis
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harsh diastolic murmur
due to rheumatic heart dz (group a beta hemolytic pyogenes) |
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mitral regurgitation
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blowing systolic murmur
Due to advanced mvp, RHD, infective endocard, papillary muscle rupture (MI), CHF |
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mitral valve prolapse
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midsystolic click
marfan's, ehlers-danlos syndrome, fragile x syndrome |
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What are the two types of ASD?
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ostium primum: defects next to AV valve
ostium secundum: defect is comprised of a fenestrated ovale fossa (most common) |
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what are the three acyanotic defects?
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VSD, PDA (pulmonary artery to aorta) and ASD
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What is tetraology of Fallot?
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VSD+ subpulmonic stenosis+ overriding aorta+ right ventricular hypertrophy
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What are the cyanotic lesions?
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TOF
transposition of great vessels persistent truncus arteriosus eisenmengers syndrome` |
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pulmonary stenosis
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harsh systolic murmur, left 2nd IC
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pulmonary regurge
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blowing DIASTOLIC murmur
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tricuspid stenosis
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harsh diastolic murmur, left sternal border at 4th and 5th spaces
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when would you see ST elevation?
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q-wave MI and prinzmetals angina
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what two things are relieved by nitroglycerin (pain wise)
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stable angina, prinzmetals
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left-sided heart failure causes
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chronic HTN, MI, valve pathology
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red macules on palms and soles
red painful papules on finers and toes small retinal hemorrhages patients probably has? |
infective endocarditis...emboli of aggregated bacteria
janeway lesions, osler nodes, roth spots |
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what main two, and other organisms can cause subacute infective endocarditis, in those who have priot valve lesions?
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streptococcus viridans
escherichia coli, and other GI gram negatives |
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Libman-sacks endocarditis, who gets it and what causes the damage?
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SLE patients, antigen-antibody complexes
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valve commonly affeced in acute rheumatic fever?
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mitral valve
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most common type of pericarditis in world? is US?
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world- fibrinous (dresslers or MI)
US- serous ( coxsackie's B virus, uremia, rehumatic fever, scleroderma) |
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rheumatic fever is what type of hypersensitivity?
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type II, molecular mimicry
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what does this describe and what is it in?
focal area of myocardial inflammation, contains collagen, enlarged myocytes, multinucelated giant cells |
Aschoff body...pathognomonic for acute rheumatic fever
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management for COPD
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beta agonists (albuterol) plus minus ipratropium bromide, plus minus oxygen
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hyperinflated lungs and depressed diaphragm on x-ray usually is
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COPD (pulmonary emphysema)
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panacinar emphysema is associated with
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alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency...scattered throughout lobule
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