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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Fluconazole the DOC for?
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thrush (candidiasis)
severe, but not disseminated coccidiomycosis cryptococcal infections that do not represent meningtitis |
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What is Miconazole the DOC for?
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vaginal candidiasis - topically
alt in HIV pt - topical nystatin alt in HIV negative pt - fluconazole |
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What is itraconazole the DOC for?
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blastomycosis
histoplasmosis sporotichosis |
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What is Voriconazole the DOC for?
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aspergillosis
Scedosprium apiospermum |
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What is a unique and common AE of Voriconazole?
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It can cuase visual changes
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What is ketoconazole the DOC for?
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tinea versicolor
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What is the DOC and alternative for treatment of mucormycosis?
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Posaconazole
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What is Amphotericin B the DOC for and what does it have to be used in combination with?
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cryptococcal meningtitis and used in combo with flucytosine
Naegleria fowleri |
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What is the difference in the MOAs of the imidazoles, Amp B, and Griseofulvin?
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imidazoles - interefere with P450 of fungi which blocks demethylation of lanosterol to ergosterol --> no ergosterol is produced and the cell walls are less stable
Amp B - binds ergosterol and creates a pore so electroyltes can cross at will which results in electrolyte imbalances and ult death Griseofulvin - interacts with microtubules to distrupt mitotic spindles so it inhibits mitosis and accumulates in keratin |
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What is 5-flucytosine used in combination with and what is it the DOC for?
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used in combo with Amp B to be DOC for cryptococcal meningitis
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What is Terbinafine the DOC for and what is it CI in?
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onychomycosis
tinea capitis CI in those with liver disease |
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What is Butenafine the DOC for?
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all tinea infections except tinea capatis
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What are the two forms of plasmodium that have have liver hynozoites and how does their treatment differ?
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Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium ovale
they must recieve primaquine along with the standard drugs because Primaquine kills the latent hypnozoites in the liver |
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What is the DOC for prophylaxis of malaria in chloroquine-sensitive areas and which one do you use for pregnant women?
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chloroquine or atovaquone-proguanil
use chloroquine for pregnant women |
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How do allylamines (antifungals) work?
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inhibit ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase
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What is the DOC of prophylaxis in malaria in chlorquine-resistant areas and what is it if the patient is pregnant?
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-atovaquone/proguanil
-preg = mefloquine |
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What is the DOC of treatment of chlorquine-sensitive species of malaria for the general population and for pregnant patients?
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-chloroquine
-chloroquine |
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What is the DOC for chloquine-resistant Plasmodium faliparum and if patient is pregnant?
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quinine PLUS one of the following
-doxycycline -tetracycline -clindamycin preg= quinine + clindamycin |
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What is the DOC for P. vivax treatment and what is it if the patient is pregnant?
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quinine PLUS
doxycycline or tetracyline PLUs primaquine or Mefloquine PLUS primaquine pregnant women = quinine if in Papua New Guinea or Indonesia summed to have acquired resistant form |
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What is a major side effect of Quinine?
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it causes cinchonism (tinnitus, photophobia, mental dullness, depression, confusion, headache, nausea)
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What is metronidazole the DOC for?
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trichomoniasis
amoebiasis acts like an electron acceptor that creates compounds that lead to organisms death |
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What is tinidazole the DOC for?
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DOC for giardia
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What is Stibogluconate the DOC for?
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cutaneous leishmaniasis
inhibits glycolysis so organism cannot use glucose |
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What is Suramin the DOC for?
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EARLY STAGE East African Sleeping sickness (does not cross BBB)
reacts with metabllic enzymes which results in cellular destruction |
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What is Pentamidine the DOC for?
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EARLY STAGE West African Sleeping Sickness
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What is the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction and what drug can cause this AE?
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occurs when large numbers of microorganisms die in the body during ABX therapy, causinging toxins to be released into the body in quantities larger than the liver and kidney can remove them --> increase in TNF alpha, IL-6 and other cytokines which results in fever, myalgia, headache and chills
-Melarsoprol (used for treatment of all forms of LATE African sleeping sickness- only first line for east) |
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What is Eflornithine the first-line treatment for?
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West African Sleeping scikness
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What is Nifurtimox used for?
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Treatment of Chagas
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What is Nitazoxanide the DOC for?
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cyrptosporidiosis
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What is the TMX-SMX the DOC for?
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Pneumocystis jiroveci
toxoplasma encephalitis (or pyrimethamine plue sulfadizine plus folinic acid) |
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What is Praziquantel the DOC for?
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flatworms - except Echinoccus graulosus (surgically removed)
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What is albendazole or mebendazole the DOC for?
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roundworm infections (albendazole only for trichinosis)
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What is Ivermectin the DOC for?
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Strongyloides stercoralis (can cause Mazzotti reaction)
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What is the Mazzotti reaction and which drug causes it?
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massive eosinophil degranulation that results in severe lesions at the site of worm death
Ivermectin can cause it |
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What is Permethrin the DOC for?
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scabies, head lice, pubic lice
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