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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
An example of a major modulatory brain system is:

a. noradrenergic system
b. dopaminergic system
c. serotonergic system
d. cholinergic system
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
Most serotonergic neurons are locatd along the midline of the brain stem in the __________.

a. hypothalamus
b. raphe nuclei
c. cingulate cortex
d. caudate
e. nucleus accumbens
b. raphe nuclei
Thalamic neurons can fire in which two modes?

a. transmission, burst
b. ascending, descending
c. sustained, sporadic
d. lethargic, hyper
e. none of the above
a. transmission, burst
Damage to the _________ may impair consciousness.

a. ascending arousal system
b. medulla
c. spinal cord
d. ocular reflexes
e. adrenergic cell group
a. ascending arousal system
consciousness requires a functional __________.

a. brain stem
b. cerebral cortex
c. assessment
d. descending arousal system
e. occipital lobe
b. cerebral cortex
Unconscious emotions are mediated by

a). the amygdala

b). the hypothalamus

c). the brainstem

d). a,b,c

e) none of the above.
d). a,b,c
Conscious emotion engage the amygdala and the



a). forebrain bundle

b). caudate nucleus

c). neocortex

d). pineal gland

e). none of the above
c). neocortex
There are ____________ cranial nerves



a). 5

b). 7

c). 11

d). 12

e). 15
d). 12
A lesion of color areas in occipital cortex may



a). destroy subjective awareness of color in the external world

b). impair speech

c). result in color inversion

d). cause polio

e). none of the above
a). destroy subjective awareness of color in the external world
Unconscious emotions are mediated by which of the following?

a) amygdala
b) hypothalamus
c) brainstem
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
d) all of the above
Which of the following mixed-type cranial nerves has autonomic functions that include innervating smooth muscle and glands of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems?

a) glossopharyngeal
b) vagus
c) facial
d) olfactory
e) trigeminal
b) vagus
Ascending projections to the cerebral cortex and thalamus modulate which of the following functions/behaviors?

a) muscle tone
b) posture
c) wakefulness
d) vigilance
e) both c and d
e) both c and d
Which of the following is a characteristic of thalamic firing patterns during sleep?

a) slow-wave EEG
b) burst mode
c) transmission mode
d) single spikes
e) both a and b
e) both a and b
Damage to the large pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal formation and cerebral cortex from hypoxia or ischemia may result in a contentless wake-sleep cycle called?

a) brain death
b) coma
c) persistent vegetative state
d) dementia
e) delirium
c) persistent vegetative state
The ____________ cranial nerve is involved in hearing and sense of
motion.
a. Vagus
b. Occulomotor
c. Olfactory
d. Vestibulocochlear
e. Spinal Acessory
d. Vestibulocochlear
The ____________ cranial nerve is involved in hearing and sense of
motion.
a. Vagus
b. Occulomotor
c. Olfactory
d. Vestibulocochlear
e. Spinal Acessory
d. Vestibulocochlear
How many cranial nerves are there?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 10
e. 12
e. 12
___________ neurons are found mainly in the raphe nuclei and help
regulate wake/sleep cycles, affective behavior and sexual behavior.
a. Dopaminergic
b. Serotonergic
c. Complex
d. Simple
e. None of the above
b. Serotonergic
The ______________ cranial nerve is involved in smell.
a. Vagus
b. Occulomotor
c. Olfactory
d. Vestibulocochlear
e. Spinal Acessory
c. Olfactory
Ascending projections from the brain stem can modulate:
a. Arousal
b. Conciousness
c. Posture
d. A and B
e. None of the above
d. A and B
1. During alert wakefulness the EEG shows a pattern of ____ voltage, ____ electrical activity called ___________.
1. High, fast, synchronized
2. Low, slow, sharp
3. Low, slow, desynchronized
4. Low, fast, desynchronized
5. High, slow, synchronized
4. Low, fast, desynchronized
2. Unconscious emotions are mediated by
1. The amygdala hypothalamus, and brainstem
2. The amygdala and neocortex
3. Primarily the brainstem
4. Dreaming
5. None of the above
1. The amygdala hypothalamus, and brainstem
# Within the brainstem individual cranial nerve nuclei are topographically organized in _______ columns.

1. Transverse
2. Longitudinal
3. Gray matter
4. White matter
5. All of the abov
2. Longitudinal
4. Cholinergic neurons are found in the midbrain and the basal forebrain. They are critical for _________.
1. Initiation of behavioral responses.
2. Vigilance and responsiveness to novel stimuli
3. Cortical arousal during wakefulness and dreaming
4. Behavioral arousal
5. Consciousness
3. Cortical arousal during wakefulness and dreaming
5. Impaired consciousness can result from
1. Bilateral damage to the forebrain
2. Damage to the ascending arousal system
3. Swelling, lack of oxygen, electrolyte imbalance
4. Brain death or persistent vegetative state
5. All the of above
5. All the of above