Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are indications of ventilation?
|
RR>35, VC<15mL/kg for adults and 10mL/kg for children, MIF<20cm H2O, PaO2<70mm Hg on FiO2 40%, A-a gradient>350 torr with FiO2 100%, PaCO2>55(except if chronic, Vd/Vt>0.6(normal is 0.3)
|
|
|
What are criteria for extubation?
|
awake and alert with stable vital signs and good strength, RR<30-35/min, no inotropic support, afebrile, ABG reasonable(PaO2>70, PaCO2<55) with FiO2 40%, MIF more negative than -20 cm H2O, VC>15mL/kg
|
|
|
Describe Tpiece techique for mechanical ventilation
|
T piece adapter and heated nebulizer are attached to ETT, Set FiO2 slightly higher than was set with mechanical ventilation, check vital signs on a very frequent basis during the first hour or two if weaning is well-tolerated extubate after 2-4 hrs
|
|
|
What is the IMV technique for weaning from mechanical ventilation
|
IMV is gradually decreased so that eventually spontaneous ventilation begins
|
|
|
How does PEEP affect FRC?
|
PEEP acts by increasing FRC. For every 5cm H2O PEEP, FRC increases about 400cc
|
|
|
How does PEEP affect intrapulmonary shunting?
|
PEEP improves the relationship between FRC and closing capacity and thereby decreases intrapulmonary shunting
|
|
|
How does PEEP affect Cardiac output?
|
decreases CO by increasing intrathoracic pressure and decreasing venous return
|
|
|
What are signs of fat embolism syndrome?
|
tachycardia and hypotension, EKG changes suggest MI and right heart strain, increased VD/VT leads to moderate to severe hypoxemias, PaO2 falls and PaCO2 rises, confusion obtundation and coma are often present, rise in serum lipids, free fatty acids and triglycerides, decreased Hct, thrombocytopenia, prolonged PT/PTT, increased fibrin degradation products, petechiae present over the ant chest, axilla, and neck, and conjunctiva
|
