Bates Gtpe Chapter 7: The Head And Neck

Front 1

Eardrum is pinkish gray; see the malleus lying behind upper drum; from umbo, bright cone of light fans anteriorly and downward. Small blood vessels along handle of the malleus are normal.

Back 1

Normal Eardrum

Front 2

Holes in the eardrum; usually from purulent infections. Eardrum scarred; no landmarks are visible.

Back 2

Perforation of the Drum

Q: What is the difference between central and marginal perforation?

Front 3

Large, chalky white patch with irregular margins; deposition of hyaline material within the layers of the tympanic membrane that sometimes follows severe episodes of otitis media.

Does not usually impair hearing and is rarely clinically significant.

Back 3

Tympanosclerosis

Front 4

Air is absorbed from middle ear into the bloodstream and causes serous fluid accumulation.

Usually caused by viral upper respiratory infections.

Back 4

Serous Effusion

Front 5

The eustachian tube cannot equalize the air pressure in the middle ear and outside air.

S/S: Fullness and popping sensations in the ear, mild conduction hearing loss and sometimes pain.

Back 5

Serous Effusion

Front 6

Commonly caused by bacterial infection from S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae.

S/S: Earache, fever and hearing loss

Back 6

Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion

Front 7

painful hemorrhagic vesicles appear on the tympanic membrane, the ear canal, or both.

S/S: Earache, blood-tinged discharge, conductive hearing loss.

Back 7

Bullous Myringitits

Front 8

Back 8

Normal Eardrum

Front 9

Back 9

Perforated Eardrum

Front 10

Back 10

Tympanosclerosis

Front 11

Back 11

Serous Effusion

Front 12

Back 12

Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion

Front 13

Back 13

Bullous Myringitis

Front 14

What is the otoscope used for?

Back 14

to visualize the ear canal and drum. note discharge, foreign bodies, redness.

Front 15

What is the Weber test? What results do you look for?

Back 15

Test for lateralization (hearing out of one ear only or better than the other)

Front 16

What is the Rinne test? What results do you look for?

Back 16

air conduction vs. bone conduction of sound ( can they still hear the sound waves after they stop feeling the movement of the fork?)

Front 17

What is the difference between the Weber and the Rinne tests?

Back 17

Weber: tuning fork is placed on top of head; do they hear equally on both sides?

Rinne: tuning fork placed on mastoid bone until they stop feeling it, then placed near ear ( cant hey still hear the fork movements?/ AC>BC)

Front 18

What is a PE tube?

Back 18

A PE tube (AKA tympanostomy tube) is a pressure equalization tube used to allow air into the middle ear and to drain fluid from the ear; used to decrease infections.

Front 19

Name the Lymph nodes (10).

Back 19

Preauricular, Posterior auricular, occipital, tonsillar, submandibular, submental, superficial cervical, posterior cervical, deep cervical chain, supraclavicular.

Front 20

This node is located in front of the ear.

Back 20

preauricular

Front 21

This node rests in the area superficial to the mastoid process.

Back 21

posterior auricular

Front 22

This node is located at the base of the skull posteriorly

Back 22

Occipital

Front 23

This node is located at the angle of the mandible

Back 23

Tonsillar

Front 24

This node is midway between the angle and the tip of the mandible.

Back 24

Submandibular

Front 25

This node lies in the midline a few centimeters behind the tip of the mandible

Back 25

Submental

Front 26

This node is superficial to the sternomastoid

Back 26

Superficial cervical

Front 27

This node lies along the anterior edge of the trapezius

Back 27

Posterior cervical

Front 28

This node is located in deep to the sternomastoid; often unpalpable

Back 28

Deep Cervical Chain

Front 29

This node is located deep in the angle formed by the clavicle and the sternomastoid

Back 29

Supraclavicular

Front 30

This lesion may develop in any scarred area but is most common on the shoulders and upper chest and are most common in dark–skinned people.

Back 30

Keloid (def)

Front 31

Chronic inflammatory lesion; starts as painful papule on the helix or antihelix and turns into crusty ulcer. Reddening may occur.

Back 31

Chondrodermatitis

Front 32

You should biopsy this lesion to rule out carcinoma.

Back 32

Chondrodermatitis (recommendation)

Front 33

Firm, nodular, hypertrophic mass of scar tissue extending beyond the area of injury.

Back 33

Keloid (Pyhsical manifestation)

Front 34

Deposit of uric acid crystals characteristic of chronic gout (or chronic sustained levels of uric acid); appears as hard nodules in helix & antihelix.

Back 34

Tophi (def)

Front 35

May discharge chalky white crystals through skin. Appear on joints, hands, feet & other areas.

Back 35

Tophi (physical manifestation)

Front 36

Raised nodule; has lustrous surface with small vessels; growth and ulceration may occur.

Back 36

Basal Cell Carcinoma (physical manifestation)

Front 37

Common slow–growing malignancy that rarely metastasizes. Common in light–skinned people.

Back 37

Basal Cell Carcinoma (Def)

Front 38

Dome shaped lump in the dermis forms benign, firm sac attached to the epidermis. Blackhead may be visible on surface.

Back 38

Cutaneous Cyst– AKA– Sebaceous Cyst

Front 39

Small lumps on the helix or antihelix; ulceration may result from repeated injuries. Additional nodules may appear on hands, arms, knees or heels.

Back 39

Rheumatoid Nodules

Front 40

Back 40

Keloid (PIC)

Front 41

Back 41

Tophi (PIC)

Front 42

Back 42

Cutaneous Cyst (PIC)

Front 43

Back 43

Chondrodermatitis Helicis (PIC)

Front 44

Back 44

Basal Cell Carcinoma (PIC)

Front 45

Back 45

Rheumatoid Nodules (PIC)