Basics Vital Signs Study Guide Test 2

Front 1

determined by the balance of heat produced and heat lost. stated in degrees fahrenheit or celsius.

Back 1

temperature

Front 2

primary source of heat production

Back 2

metabolism

Front 3

name 3 things that cause heat in the body.

Back 3

basal metabolic rate
muscle activity
shivering

Front 4

what is the thermoregulatory center of the body.

Back 4

the hypothalamus is the neurovascular control center.

Front 5

reflects temperature of muscles, and viscera.

Back 5

core temp.

Front 6

tympanic,arteries, and rectal temps are examples of what type of temp

Back 6

core temperature

Front 7

temperature that is lower than core temperature

Back 7

surface temp.

Front 8

forehead, oral, and axillary temps are examples of what type of temp.

Back 8

surface temp.

Front 9

core body temperature below the lower limit of normal.

Back 9

hypothermia

Front 10

what temp is considered hypothermic?

Back 10

less than (<) 96.8 F. or 36 C.

Front 11

what is another name for consistent fever?

Back 11

pyrexia

Front 12

what temp is considered pyrexic?

Back 12

greater than 100.4 F. or 38 C.

Front 13

what is defined as an extremely high temperature.

Back 13

hyperthermia

Front 14

what temp is considered hyperthermic?

Back 14

105.8 F. or 41 C.

Front 15

what triggers the fever response and act on the hypothalamus to raise the body's set point above normal?

Back 15

pyrogens.

Front 16

heat production in the body is caused by?

Back 16

metabolism
basal metabolic rate
muscle activity
shivering

Front 17

the sum of all chemical and physical processes in the body which energy is made so the living organism can use it is?

Back 17

metabolism

Front 18

rate of energy utilization by the body to maintain essential activities like breathing?

Back 18

BMR
basal metabolic rate.

Front 19

name 4 causes of heat loss?

Back 19

radiation
conduction
convection
evaporation

Front 20

name some factors that affect temperature?

Back 20

age,brain injury, weight,infection.

Front 21

what are some contraindications to taking oral vs. rectal temperatures?

Back 21

rectal is a more accurate reading. rectal is 1 degree higher than oral. rectal is a core temp & oral is a surface temp. rectal. 2-4/oral. 3-5

Front 22

this is felt after the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle throughout the peripheral arteries?

Back 22

pulse

Front 23

what is the normal pulse rate for an adult?

Back 23

60-100 bmp

Front 24

the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute?

Back 24

cardiac output.

Front 25

the volume of blood ejected from ventricles in one cardiac contraction.

Back 25

stroke volume (sv)

Front 26

list sites that nurses may use to take a pulse?

Back 26

(peripheral arteries)=carotid, radial, brachial, femoral, popliteal, and pedal pulses( dorsalis pedis-dp,posterior tibial-pt)

Front 27

what are 4 characteristics of a pulse?

Back 27

pulse rhythm, amplitude(volume), rate, elasticity, equality.

Front 28

what is it called when the apical pulse is greater the the peripheral(radial) pulse?

Back 28

pulse deficit

Front 29

what does a pulse deficit indicate?

Back 29

poor peripheral circulation/perfusion.

Front 30

what methods can be used to check if a client has a pulse deficit?

Back 30

an apical-radial pulse=this is a simultaneous measurement of both apical and radial pulses for 60 sec. it checks contraction strength of LV.

Front 31

name a few factors that affect pulse rate?

Back 31

kids ^, male l, activity, fever ^,meds-bata blockers l, hemorrhage ^, stress ^, position changes l, vagal stimulation l(GI tract-gaggging,defecating)

Front 32

def: the act of breathing for 1 min. cycle of inspiration and expiration.

Back 32

respiration rate

Front 33

3 processes of respiration are?

Back 33

ventilation
diffusion
perfusion

Front 34

what is the mechanical movement of gasses into and out of the lungs?

Back 34

ventilation

Front 35

what is the movement of O2 and CO2 from blood to alveloli

Back 35

diffusion

Front 36

distribution of RBC from pulmonary capillaries to the rest of the body through the circulatory system.

Back 36

perfusion

Front 37

what should you look at when assessing respirations?

Back 37

rate, rhythm, effort, and depth.

Front 38

should be evenly spaced, if irregular take respiration for full min?

Back 38

rhythm

Front 39

this is reported as breaths per min?

Back 39

rate= count for 30 sec and multiply by 2.

Front 40

what are normal respirations for an adult?

Back 40

12-20 per min.

Front 41

should you have eupnea or dypnea when breathing?

Back 41

EUPNEA= no effort when breathing.

dyspnea= having trouble when breathing.

Front 42

clients should have full movement of chest when breathing? t or f

Back 42

true

Front 43

very shallow breathing

Back 43

hypoventilation

Front 44

very deep respirations

Back 44

hyperventilation

Front 45

name some factors that affect respirations?

Back 45

exercise, acute pain ^, anxiety, smoking(increase rate at rest),body position, medications, neurological injury(cheyne-stokes)hemoglobin funct

Front 46

measurement of arterial wall pressure created as blood flows through the arteries throughout the cardiac cycle.

Back 46

blood pressure

Front 47

is the higher of the 2 blood pressure readings. is measured as the left ventricle ejects blood?

Back 47

systolic BP

Front 48

is the lower reading on the blood pressure value. measured when the heart relaxes?

Back 48

diastolic BP

Front 49

what is the difference called b/ the diastolic and systolic B/P

Back 49

pulse pressure= if BP is 120 / 80 then pulse pressure would be 40.

Front 50

what is the normal range for pulse pressure?

Back 50

30-50 mm hg.

Front 51

name some methods of assessing BP?

Back 51

direct= arterial line
indirect= palpatory(only systolic, mark as p.
ausculatory(using bp cuff & stethoscope)

Front 52

name some equipment used to measure BP?

Back 52

BP cuff(should be 40% of size of arm.
too small=false high, too big=false low
sphygmomanometer =aneroid(dial) or mercury (hg) and stethoscope.

Front 53

what factors affect BP?

Back 53

age ^, stress ^ , gender=male after puberty higher/women after menopause goes up again. race AFAM ^,diurnal variations=l in morning and afternoon. smoking ^.