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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Every sentence must have:

1) a predicate (usually called a verb)


2) the subject of that verb

complete subject

the person, place or thing that the sentence is about


-- along with all the words that modify it

complete predicate

what the person, place, or thing is doing, or what condition the person, place or thing is in



simple subject

the fundamental part of the complete subject


>>> the main noun(s), and pronoun(s) in the complete subject

simple predicate (verb)

the fundamental part of the complete predicate

compound subjects and predicates

sentences with multiple nouns and/or verbs

Complement

additional parts of a sentence, beyond the subject and predicate, that are needed to complete the meaning


>> there are 5 types



5 types of Complements

1) direct object


2) object complement


3) indirect object


4) predicate adjective


5) predicate nominative

predicate adjectives and predicate nominatives are considered subject...

complements



Direct Object

the word or words that receive the action of the verb.


>> used with a transitive verb


>>>>usually nouns


>>>>>sometimes pronouns


>>>>>> rarely noun clauses

Object Complements

Elaborates on or gives a fuller meaning to a direct object.


>Object Complements can be nouns or adjectives

Indirect Objects

Comes before a direct object and answers the question "to whom?" or "for whom?" after the subject and verb

Subject Complements





Used with linking verbs only




Complete (give you more info about) the subject.





Name the Two Types of Subject Complements

1) predicate adjective


2) predicate nominative

Predicate Adjective

An adjective that comes after a linking verb and describes the subject of the sentence

Predicate Nominative

Comes after a linking verb and gives you more information about the subject




Must be a noun or pronoun

Phrase




...most common type?

a group of words that acts as a particular part of speech or part of a sentence but doesn't have a verb and its subject.




Most common type is the prepositional phrase

Prepositional Phrase

a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun




In a sentence, prepositional phrases act as adjectives or adverbs

Independent Clause

a group of words that has a verb and its subject




Words can stand alone as a sentence

Subordinate Clause




..how many types?

(dependent clause)




has a verb and its subject but it cant stand alone as a sentence.




has to be attached to another part (to some independent clause) of the sentence




...three types

Three Types of Subordinate Clause?

1) adjective clause


2) Noun clause


3) adverb clause

Adjective Clause

subordinate clause that acts as an adjective: it modifies or describes a noun or pronoun

Noun Clause

subordinate clause that acts as a noun; it can be the subject, predicate nominative appositive object of a verb, or object of a preposition.

restrictive clause

necessary to the basic meaning of the sentence




(essesntial or defining clause)

nonrestrictive clause

can be eliminated from the sentence without changing its basic meaning




(nonessential or non defining clause)

List four ways in which a sentence functions

1) declarative sentence


2) interrogatie sentence


3) imperative sentence


4) exclamatory sentence

Declarative Sentence

makes a statement



Interrogative sentence

asks a question

imperative sentence

issues a command, makes a request, or gives instruction

Compouns Subjects (subjects joined by and) take a .....verb

plural





If you have two or more subjects joined by AND --- and the subjects are thought of as one unit--- then use a ....verb

singular




ex: Peanut butter and jelly is my...

Singular subjects joined by OR or NOR take a ....verb

singular

Plural subjects joined by OR or NOR take a ...verb

plural

If you begin a sentence with HERE or THERE and you have a plural subject, be sure to use a...verb

plural

If you have a sentence with a plural subject and a singular predicate nominative, use the verb that agrees with the... , not the predicate nominative

subject