Basic Probability And Pedigree Construction/analysis

Front 1

Mendelian principle of segregation

Back 1

for any particular trait, the pair of alleles of each parent separate and only one allele passes from each parent on to an offspring. Which allele in a parent's pair of alleles is inherited is a matter of chance

Front 2

Mendelian principle of independent assortment

Back 2

different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently of each other. The result is that new combinations of genes present in neither parent are possible.

Front 3

Probability (p)

Back 3

ratio of selected outcomes to the total number of outcomes

Front 4

Risk

Back 4

probability that something will happen. genetics refers to the probability of a specific genotype or phenotype

Front 5

recurrence risk

Back 5

probability that something will happen again. genetics means probability that a geno or pheno that already exists in the family will show back up in a particular family member

Front 6

multiplication rule of probability ('and')

Back 6

the probability that two or more independent events will occur is the product of their independent probabilities

Front 7

addition rule of probability ('or')

Back 7

the probability that two or more mutually exclusive events will occur is the sum of the probabilities of each event occuring separately

Front 8

binomial expansion

Back 8

p - prob of an event
q - prob of other event (1-p)
n - # of trials
asked to find frequencies of combinations of p & q in n trials. so (p+q)^n.

so what's the pattern as this expands?

Front 9

binomial expansion formula

Back 9

m - total # of times 'p' occurs

(n!/[m!{n-m}!])*(p^m)*q^(n-m)