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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
catecholamines & non-catecholamines.
|
Catecholamines are??
Precursor to epi and NE (sympathomimetics) |
|
Tyramine
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BYPRODUCT OF FERMENTATION
indirect sympathomimetic effect via stimulation of NE release. Patients taking MAOIs should avoid foods high in tyramine. |
|
Direct-acting agent vs.
Indirect-acting agent |
DIRECT: post-jxn vs.
INDIRECT: pre-jxn |
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alpha receptors are excitatory EVERYWHERE BUT
|
alpha receptors are excitatory EVERYWHERE BUT
the gut |
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Beta receptors are inhibitory EVERYWHERE BUT
|
Beta receptors are inhibitory EVERYWHERE BUT
the heart |
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alpha1
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excitatory
|
|
alpha2
|
inhibitory (in the gut)
inhibiting PSS terminals |
|
beta1
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in the heart were causing contraction & chronotopic activity
|
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beta2
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B2 is inhibitory
|
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How to differentiate btw B1 and B2 receptors
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B1 = if you went into the heart and got into the beta receptors, there would be this sympathetic nerve terminal that would be dripping NE on me. NE stim B1 receptors and does it with the same efficacy.
If you got into the crater of the B2, there are NO NERVES!!!! Blue sky! They are not innervated. They get their innerv from Epi from adrenal medulla. |
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B1 in the
stim by |
<3, stim by NE
|
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B2 in the
stim by |
most other smooth mm (bronchi, uterus, bladder, vasc of skeletal mm).
|
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M2
stim by: |
in the heart
stim by: atropine |
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M1
|
are in most other peripheral organs, esp in the stomach.
Acid secretion is primarily in M1 |
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M3
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are in most other peripheral organs (except <3 = M2), esp in the lungs & bladder.
|
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B3
|
metabolic, release lipid
|
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Sweat gland receptor type?
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Muscarinic
|
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Cholinoceptor??
Which nt is used?? |
acetylcholine
Nicotinic Muscarinic |
|
Adrenoceptor
Which nt is used?? |
epi, norepinephrine
alpha beta dopaminergic |
|
which receptor is a ligand gated Na+/K+ ion channel?
|
nicotinic
|
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Which receptors are G-protein coupled?
|
Muscarinic
and all adrenergics |
|
cholinergic:
chemically binds and activates cholinergic receptors in the body. |
direct-acting agnoist
(post-jxn) |
|
cholinergic:
inhibits AchE thereby increasing [ACh] within the synapse |
indirect-acting agonist
(pre jxn) |
|
Sympathetic response on pupils
|
dilation (mydriasis)
|
|
Parasympathetic response on pupils
|
miosis
|
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Sympathetic or Parasympathetic?
Adrenergic Receptors? |
Sympathetic
alpha, beta, dopamine |
|
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic?
Cholinergic Receptors? |
parasympathetic
muscarinic and nictonic |
|
Major nt for:
Sympathetic? |
Norepinepherine
(adrenergic) |
|
Major nt for:
Parasympathetic? |
ACh
(cholinergic) |
|
2 kinds of cholinergic agonists
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Direct & Indirect
|
|
chemically bind and activate muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in the body.
|
direct cholinergic agonist
|
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inihibits AChE, thereby increasing [ACh] in the synapse
|
indirect cholinergic agonist
|
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3 classes of cholinergic antagonists
|
1) muscarinic blockers
2) nm blocking agents 3) ganglionic blockers |
|
prototype of muscarinic antagonist
|
atropine
|
|
Atropine: mechanism of action
(what kind of binding? which receptor?) |
reversible, non-selevtive block of muscarinic receptos
|
|
Does atropine cross the BBB
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No
|
|
2 types of neuromusclar blocking agents
|
1) non-depolarizing
2) polarizing |
|
what inhibits efferent impulses to
skeletal mm via nicotinic mm receptors (N sub m)? |
neuromusclar blocking agents
|
|
synonym for sympathomimetic
|
-adrenergic agonist
|
|
drug or endogenous catecholamine that activate alpha or beta receptors
|
adrenergic agonist (sympathomimetic)
|
|
--olol drugs
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beta blockers!!!!!
|
|
2 exceptions to --olol drugs
|
beta blocker w/ alpha blocker
--alol (labet ALOL) beta blocker w/ alpha1 blocker --ilol (carved ILOL) |
|
2 kinds of direct-acting sympathomimetics?
|
Catecholamines & Non-catecholamines
|
|
A1 receptor
|
excitatory / contraction
sympathetic found everywhere but the gut (A2) |
|
A2 receptor
|
inhibitory / relaxation
sympathetic found in the gut |
|
B1 receptor
|
excitatory/contraction
sympathetic found in the heart |
|
B2 receptor
|
inhibitory / relaxation
sympathetic everywhere but the heart (B1) |
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M2
|
inhibitory / relaxation
parasympathetic heart |
|
M3
|
both contraction & relaxation
parasympathetic everywhere but the heart (eye, lung, GI, GU, Secretory glands) |
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What the are the parasympathetic receptors of blood vessels in skeletal muscle and the blood vessels elsewhere?
|
there are none.
|
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What the are the sympathetic receptors of blood vessels in skeletal muscle and the blood vessels elsewhere?
|
SYMPATHETIC
B2 (relaxation) receptors of blood vessels in skeletal muscle A1 (constriction) receptors of blood vessels elsewhere? |