• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/51

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

51 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
catecholamines & non-catecholamines.
Catecholamines are??
Precursor to epi and NE (sympathomimetics)
Tyramine
BYPRODUCT OF FERMENTATION

indirect sympathomimetic effect via stimulation of NE release.

Patients taking MAOIs should avoid foods high in tyramine.
Direct-acting agent vs.

Indirect-acting agent
DIRECT: post-jxn vs.

INDIRECT: pre-jxn
alpha receptors are excitatory EVERYWHERE BUT
alpha receptors are excitatory EVERYWHERE BUT

the gut
Beta receptors are inhibitory EVERYWHERE BUT
Beta receptors are inhibitory EVERYWHERE BUT

the heart
alpha1
excitatory
alpha2
inhibitory (in the gut)

inhibiting PSS terminals
beta1
in the heart were causing contraction & chronotopic activity
beta2
B2 is inhibitory
How to differentiate btw B1 and B2 receptors
B1 = if you went into the heart and got into the beta receptors, there would be this sympathetic nerve terminal that would be dripping NE on me. NE stim B1 receptors and does it with the same efficacy.

If you got into the crater of the B2, there are NO NERVES!!!! Blue sky! They are not innervated. They get their innerv from Epi from adrenal medulla.
B1 in the
stim by
<3, stim by NE
B2 in the
stim by
most other smooth mm (bronchi, uterus, bladder, vasc of skeletal mm).
M2
stim by:
in the heart
stim by: atropine
M1
are in most other peripheral organs, esp in the stomach.

Acid secretion is primarily in M1
M3
are in most other peripheral organs (except <3 = M2), esp in the lungs & bladder.
B3
metabolic, release lipid
Sweat gland receptor type?
Muscarinic
Cholinoceptor??
Which nt is used??
acetylcholine

Nicotinic
Muscarinic
Adrenoceptor
Which nt is used??
epi, norepinephrine

alpha
beta
dopaminergic
which receptor is a ligand gated Na+/K+ ion channel?
nicotinic
Which receptors are G-protein coupled?
Muscarinic

and all adrenergics
cholinergic:

chemically binds and activates cholinergic receptors in the body.
direct-acting agnoist

(post-jxn)
cholinergic:

inhibits AchE thereby increasing [ACh] within the synapse
indirect-acting agonist

(pre jxn)
Sympathetic response on pupils
dilation (mydriasis)
Parasympathetic response on pupils
miosis
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic?

Adrenergic

Receptors?
Sympathetic

alpha, beta, dopamine
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic?

Cholinergic

Receptors?
parasympathetic

muscarinic and nictonic
Major nt for:
Sympathetic?
Norepinepherine

(adrenergic)
Major nt for:
Parasympathetic?
ACh

(cholinergic)
2 kinds of cholinergic agonists
Direct & Indirect
chemically bind and activate muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in the body.
direct cholinergic agonist
inihibits AChE, thereby increasing [ACh] in the synapse
indirect cholinergic agonist
3 classes of cholinergic antagonists
1) muscarinic blockers
2) nm blocking agents
3) ganglionic blockers
prototype of muscarinic antagonist
atropine
Atropine: mechanism of action
(what kind of binding? which receptor?)
reversible, non-selevtive block of muscarinic receptos
Does atropine cross the BBB
No
2 types of neuromusclar blocking agents
1) non-depolarizing
2) polarizing
what inhibits efferent impulses to
skeletal mm via nicotinic mm receptors (N sub m)?
neuromusclar blocking agents
synonym for sympathomimetic
-adrenergic agonist
drug or endogenous catecholamine that activate alpha or beta receptors
adrenergic agonist (sympathomimetic)
--olol drugs
beta blockers!!!!!
2 exceptions to --olol drugs
beta blocker w/ alpha blocker
--alol (labet ALOL)

beta blocker w/ alpha1 blocker
--ilol (carved ILOL)
2 kinds of direct-acting sympathomimetics?
Catecholamines & Non-catecholamines
A1 receptor
excitatory / contraction
sympathetic
found everywhere but the gut (A2)
A2 receptor
inhibitory / relaxation
sympathetic
found in the gut
B1 receptor
excitatory/contraction
sympathetic
found in the heart
B2 receptor
inhibitory / relaxation
sympathetic
everywhere but the heart (B1)
M2
inhibitory / relaxation
parasympathetic
heart
M3
both contraction & relaxation
parasympathetic
everywhere but the heart (eye, lung, GI, GU, Secretory glands)
What the are the parasympathetic receptors of blood vessels in skeletal muscle and the blood vessels elsewhere?
there are none.
What the are the sympathetic receptors of blood vessels in skeletal muscle and the blood vessels elsewhere?
SYMPATHETIC

B2 (relaxation) receptors of blood vessels in skeletal muscle

A1 (constriction) receptors of blood vessels elsewhere?