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14 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

define primary growth

- comes from meristematic activity (stem tips and root tips)


- plant growing taller


- roots growing deeper

define secondary growth

- result from meristematic activity of the cambium


- girth of the tree increases


- 2 rings of xylem are produced each year (spring and summer growth)

define 'stolon'

an above ground horizontal stem.


- shoots and roots are produced at the nodes.


- strawberry, carpet bugle

define 'rhizome'

an underground horizontal stem.


- rhizomes have scale leaves and buds.


- roots and shoots are produced at the nodes


- quack grass, canna lily

define ' tuber'

the thickened terminal part of an underground stem.


- a potato


* the eye of a potato is actually a bud

define 'corms'

a short, fleshy, underground stem


- very compressed internodes


- scaling leaves


- Gladiolus

define 'water storage' (think cactus)

usually a thickened, turgid stem.


*cactus leaves are reduced to needles

define 'thorn'

a stem modified to a point on the end.


- hawthorn, firethorn, quince, russian olive

define 'twining stem'

usually a 'weak' stem that supports itself by twining around other plants or structures

define 'sucker'

modified stem that originates from below the soil surface from 'adventitious' buds on the roots.


- raspberry

vegetative buds develop into ...

leaves and shoots

floral buds develop into ...

leaves and flowers

mixed buds develop into ...

leaves and flowers

buds are usually only found at ...

the stem tips and in the axils of angiosperm leaves