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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is imperative for the immune system in general, and T and B cells in particular, to be able to recognize?
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self from nonself
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How do cells distinguish self from nonself?
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A group of surface proteins, also referred to as antigens, present on ALL CELLS.
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How is the expression of these antigens controlled?
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The expression of these antigens are controlled by GENES referred to as the MHC (major histocompatibility complex).
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Where is the MHC located?
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Chromosome 6
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What are human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)?
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HLAs are the antigens that the MHC encodes for. HLAs are also known as MHC proteins. The entire ssytem (genes plus proteins they encode) may be referred to as the MHC-HLA complex.
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What are the two primary types of surface antigens involved in immune regulation?
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Class I (also referred to as HLA-A,B,C) or Class II (also referred to as HLA-DR,DQ, DP) antigens or proteins.
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There are ___ established HLA-A genes, or alleles, and ___ for HLA-B. The term polygenic or polyalleliec describes this situation.
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67; 149
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The genes controlling the expression of these surface proteins are codominant. You express both _____ and ____ HLAs.
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maternal; paternal
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Most all cells have Class I angigens. Which cells have Class II antigens?
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Monocytes, macrophages, B-cells, Langerhans cells found in the epidermis, dendritic cells in lymph nodes.
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What does the presence of Class II antigens confer upon the cell possessing them?
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They confer them the ability to present 1) foreign or 2) self antigens to CD4 positive T lymphocytes, also referred to as helper T cells.
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What are cells possessing Class II antigens or markes usually called?
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Antigen (Ag) presenting cells.
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