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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the study of the parts of the body
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anatomy
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the study of the function, or purpose, of body parts
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physiology
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five basic building blocks of the body
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molecules
cells tissues organs organ systems |
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- a molecule that travels in the bloodstream
- carries messages from one part of the body to another. |
hormone
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the basic building block of all living and nonliving things
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molecule
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- a basic building block of all living things
- made of different kinds of molecules arranged in unique ways |
cell
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the jelly-like material which holds cell parts in place
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cytoplasm
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the "skin" of a cell
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cell membrane
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- each cell, except for a red blood cell, has this
- the cell's "brain" - molecules called DNA are located in it |
nucleus
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- the cell's instruction book located inside the nucleus
- contains information that tells the cell how to do its job |
DNA
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cell parts
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organelles
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What does the body do if it gets too hot?
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- the body sweats
- it sends blood to the outer parts of body (face gets red) - the person is thirsty |
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easy to pass through
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permeable
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comprised of like cells
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tissue
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a group of different tissues that join together to carry out a specific function within the body
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organ
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a group of organs that work together to carry out a function
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organ system
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What kinds of tissues comprise the heart?
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epithelial, muscle, connective, and blood
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- the way your body maintains balance
- maintained by negative feedback in the form of a reflex |
homeostasis
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the things that the body wants to keep constant
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temperature, heart rate, breathing rate, blood sugar, water in the blood
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a desired level
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set point
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- a series of events in the body that help to maintain homeostasis
- a very fast automatic reaction |
reflex
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5 steps in a reflex
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1. sensors detect the stimulus
2. nerves send a message to your spinal cord 3. spinal cord interprets the message and makes the decision 4. spinal cord sends a message along a nerve to the muscle 5. muscles receive the neural message |
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2 ways to send messages to correct negative situations
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- nerves: quickly send mesages to and from the spinal cord or the brain
- hormones: molecules produced by organs called endocrine glands |
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secrete hormones into the bloodstream
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endocrine glands
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