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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Marshall Plan
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Who: US and Western Europe
What: Plan to rebuild Europe When: Post WWII, 1945 Why: To prevent the spread of Communism and create strong democratic trade partners How: US loaned war torn nations money to rebuild using US made goods |
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Truman Doctrine
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Who: US
What: policy to aid nations being threatened by Communists takeovers When: 1947 to 1989 Where: Started in Greece & Turkey spread to include other nations as well Why: To Prevent the Spread of Communism How: US pledged money to help nations resisting takeovers |
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Containment
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Who: US
What: US policy to prevent the spread of Communism When: Cold War 1945-1989 Why: Communism was spreading, threatening democratic nations of the world How: US intervened military and economically to thwart Communist influences |
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Divided Berlin
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Who: US and Soviets
What: Berlin was split into E & W When: Cold War, 1945-1989 Where: East Germany Why: Tensions between US and Soviets How: Soviets and US took zones |
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Berlin Airlift
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Who: US
What: US supplied West Berliners by air after Stalin blockaded all roads in and out When: Cold War 1945-1989 Why: Stalin was trying to force the US out of Berlin since it was located deep inside Soviet controlled East Germany How: US flew supplies in via air and kept their footing in West Berlin after Stalin lifted the blocakde |
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NATO, North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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Who: US and Western European Allies
What: economic and military alliance When : Cold War 1945-1989 Why: alliance system with a "tripwire" philosophy, if one was attacked they would all come to aid |
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Warsaw Pact
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Who: Soviets and Eastern European allies
What: military and economic alliance When: Cold War,1945-1989 Why: created as a response to NATO |
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Cuba, Bay of Pigs
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Who: US and Cuban Exiles
What: an invasion of Cuba to inspire a popular uprising to overthrow Castro When: 1961 Where: Bay of Pigs in Cuba Why: US (JFK) wanted to overthrow Fidel Castro because of his Communist government and alliance with the Soviets How: US helped train anti-Castro Cubans to overthrow the Cuban government |
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Cuba, Cuban Missile Crisis
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Who: US (JFK), Soviets (Khruschev), Cuba (Castro)
What: Soviets installed nuclear missiles on Cuba When: October 1962 How: Soviets built short range missile sites on Cuba that could hit the East coast of the US Why: Soviets tried to gain the upper hand at strategically positioned missiles since the US has such sites in Turkey Khruschev agreed to remove them after 13 days of intense pressure by JFK and a blockade of Cuban shipping lanes |
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Containment, examples of
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Marshall Plan
Truman and Eisenhower Doctrines Berlin Airlift Korean War Vietnam War |
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Korean War
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Who: US/UN & South Koreans vs. Chinese & North Koreans (&USSR)
What: War errupted when North Korea invaded South Korea When: June 1950 to armistice in 1953 Why: US sent troops to prevent South Korea from being overrun by Communist forces How: Truman sent troops without Congress' approval. Dispute was settled in 1953 and border remained at the 38th parallel |
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MacArthur
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Who: WWII hero and US General
What: Headed up mission to Korea, saw success until China pushed back When 1950-1953 Why: He was fired when Truman insisted he fight a limited war and refused to allow use of nuclear weapons |
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limited war
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Who: US policy
What: confining the war to one area and not using nuclear weapons When: Cold War 1945-1989 Why: Strategy put in place to avoid another world war and to prevent the use of atomic weapons |
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Vietnam Conflict
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Who: US & South Vietnam vs. USSR & North Vietnam
What: war When: 1961-1973 Why: US was trying to prevent South Vietnam from falling to Communists (containment) How: LBJ widened the war and sent US troops to war without a declaration of war from Congress |
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Baby Boom
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Who: American citizens
What: population explosion When: 1945-1960 Why: Americans had survived the great depression of the 1930s and World War II with a low birth rate. Post war prosperity gave them the security and stability to have kids |
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Joseph McCarthy
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Who: US senator
What: made unfounded accusations against political opponents and those he felt were "soft" on Communism When: 1950-54 Why: Made accusations without having evidence to increase his own power politically. Fear of Communist influence was pervasive in the US at the time How: used public speaking engagements and televised hearings |
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GI Bill
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Who: American servicemen returning from WWII
What: Offered government help with college tuition and low interest mortgage loans When: 1944- 1950s Why: Its purpose was to help Americans live the American Dream and raise the standard of living for middle class Americans How: Veterans could go to college and receive training to improve their earnings potential and could afford to purchase new homes |
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Suburbs
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Who: Middle class Americans
What: housing development on the outskirts of the cities When: 1950s and 1960s Why: Moved because of prejudices, to avoid crime How: Made possible by the emerging highway system, cars, GI Bill, materialistic way of life |
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Space Race
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Who: US and USSR
What: competition to have superior scientific knowledge and equipment When: 1957-1989 Where: the final frontier Why: posturing between countries for bragging rights but also desire for supreme military technology and scientific knowledge How: Using experts in the field and experimenting with creation of new technologies |
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Sputnik
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Who: USSR
What: artificial satellite When: 1957 Where: Space Why: Competition for control of space |
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Explorer I
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Who: US
What: artificial satellite When: 1958 Where: Space Why: To "catch up" to the Soviets and close the missile gap |
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Arms Race
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Who: US and Soviets
What: build up of weapons stock piles When: 1945-1991 Why: So each country could try to gain an edge over the other militarily How: creation of nuclear weaponry and long and short range missiles to carry a nuclear payload |
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Consumerism
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Who: Americans
What: Americans purchasing consumer goods as fast as they can afford them When: 1947-Present? Why: Americans derived status from some consumer goods but also enjoyed improvements to their way of life from goods that lessened their work and entertained them |
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Blacklisting
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Who: Accused Communists
What: a way of keeping undesirables from gaining employment When: 1950s Why: Americans were fearful of Communism's influence penetrating American culture and life How: Lists were generated that prevented people from working especially in Hollywood |
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Electronic Media
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Who: Americans
What: tv and radio When: 1945-present Why: Americans began spending increasing amounts of time viewing tv and being influenced by programming |
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Interstate Highway System
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Who: Eisenhower
What: complex system of roads When: 1950s Where: Major highways linked major cities including East and West Coasts Why: To improve mobility of people but also to move military equipment across the country if necessary How: Congress allocated billions and Americans workers went to work building |
