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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the agent that causes bartonellosis?
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Bartonella spp
-gram negative INTRACELLULAR organism |
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What type of cells does bartonella live in?
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RBC and endothelial cells
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How is bartonella transmitted?
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Vector- borne:
-Flea and ticks (mostly ticks) |
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Is bartonella a public health concern?
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Yes, emerging zoonosis
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What people are at risk of developing bartonellosis?
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Immunosuppressed patients:
-AIDS -Transplants -Cancer |
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There are several different syndromes that are caused by bartonella in people, the type of syndrome depends on what 3 things?
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1) Host immune response
2) Type of exposure 3) Bartonella specie |
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*What is the agent that causes cat scratch fever?
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Bartonell henselae
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What develops in people that are infected with bartonella henselae? at what time post-infection?
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-7-12 days post cat scratch fever get papules or pustules
-1-3 weeks later: benign regional lymphadenopathy |
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What happens to the immunosuppressed people that get bartonella?
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Get atypical disease
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What are 3 techniques used to diagnose bartonella in humans?
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1) Serology
2) PCR 3) Culture is difficult |
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What samples should you submit for PCR testing if you suspect bartonellosis?
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tissue is better than blood
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What is the reservoir of B. henselae?
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Cats
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What causes feline bartonellosis?
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B. henselae (reservoir cats)
B. clarridgeiae (reservoir cats) b. Koehlerae (reservoir cats) B. bovis (reservoir cows) |
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What cats get bacteremia with bartonella infection?
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Chronically infected cats, get wax and waning
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True or false. Cats with bacteremia of bartonella test seropositive.
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False, only 50% that are bacteremic will test positive
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The seroprevalence of B. henselae in cats ranges from 4-80%. What are 5 things that contribute to higher rates of B. henselae infection?
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1) Young
2) Warm 3) High humiditiy (tropical weathers) 4) Outdoor 5) Flea-infested |
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True or false. Cats infected with bartonella are usually subclinical.
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True, cats are the reservoirs and most are well adapted
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What are the signs of bartonella in cats?
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-Fever, anorexia
-local inflammation -lymphadenopathy -Can go into CNS--> Tremors, nistagmus, seizures -anterior uveitis -Endocarditis (2 cases) |
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How is bartonella transmitted?
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**fleas & flea feces
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How do you diagnose feline bartonellosis?
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-Rarely needed, cats are the reservoir
-serology |
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What is the therapy used for cats that are showing signs due to feline bartonellosis?
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No therapy, except treat the clinical signs or euthanasia
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What is the treatment for asymptomatic cats with bartonella?
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Don't, some try to decrease bacteremia but animals still remain infected and increases potential for resistance.
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What are the 5 agents that cause canine bartonellosis? What is the reservoir of each?
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1) B. vinsonii subsp berkhoffi
-reservoir coyotes* most likely 2) B. henselae*2nd most likely -reservoir cats 3) B. clarridgeae -reservoir cats 4) B. elizabethae -reservoir rats 5) B. washoensis -reservoir squirrels |
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What transmits canine bartonellosis?
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-tick born so tendency to have more than one organism at a time- can have ehrlichia and anaplasmosis at same time too
-fleas & flea feces -cat scratch & bites |
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What are 5 risk factors for dogs developing canine bartonellosis?
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1) Herding dogs
-in rural areas so likely to be exposed 2) Rural areas 3) Fleas 4) Ticks 5) Contact w/ coyotes |
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What is the primary reservoir of bartonella in california?
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Coyotes (B. vinsonii subsp berkhoffi)
-35% seropositive |
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Does canine bartonellosis usually cause an acute or chronic infectin?
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Chronic
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What cells does canine bartonellosis usually infect?
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RBCs and endothelium
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What animals tend to get endocarditis from bartonellosis? What valve is most commonly affected?
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Large breeds
Aortic valve > mitral |
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What type of endocarditis usually develops in bartonellosis patients?
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Vegetative endocarditis
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What are the 4 systems affected by canine bartonellosis?
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1) kidney
-glomerulonephritis 2) liver: -hepatitis -peliosis hepatitis 3) Heart: endocarditis 4) Muculoskeletal -Lameness, polyarthritis |
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What are the laboratory findings associated with canine bartonellosis?
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thrombocytopenia
IMHA |
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What causes rhinitis and lymphadenopathy in dogs with bartonella?
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Granulomatous inflammation
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When do you treat dogs for canine bartonellosis?
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When seropositive
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What is the treatment for canine bartonellosis?
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Long term (4-6 weeks) of antibiotics
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What are 3 antibiotics that can be used to treat canine bartonellosis?
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1) Azithromycin
2) Quinolones +/- amoxicillin 3) Doxycycline |
