Baroque Period

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the most common form of the first and third movements of a concerto gross and of a solo concerto

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ritornello form

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the form designated as A B

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binary

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A German born organist, harpsichordist, and composer who created masterpieces in every baroque form excerpt opera, but who was not recognized as en eminent composer in his day

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Johann Sebastian Bach

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transitional sections of a fugue that offer either new material or fragments of the subject or countersubject are called

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episodes

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an italian composer of the baroque who collaborated with Ottavio Rinuccini to create the first opera(L'Euridice) for which the text and music both survive

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Jacopo Peri

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A German born virtuoso organist, composer and master of Italian opera and English oratorio in the late Baroque:

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George Frideric Handel

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a vocal style in which the vocal line followed the rhythm and pitch fluctuations of speech and which was modeled on the music of ancient Greek tragedy

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stile recitativo

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an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque who composed madrigals, church music, and operas, notably Orfeo;

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Claudio Monteveridi

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In ritornello form, the tutti opens with a theme called the

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ritornello

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a polyphonic composition based on one main theme, a cornerstone of baroque music, is the

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fugue

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the first public opera house opened in 1637 in this Italian city

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Venice

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the Latin word for a "work" of a composer is

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opus

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A large scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text but different from opera in that it contains no scenery or costumes

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oratorio

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an Italian librettist of the baroque who collaborated with Jacopo Peri to create the first opera(L' Euridice) for which the text and music both survive

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Ottavio Rinuccini

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The texture produced by simultaneous performance of two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest:

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polyphonic

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performance of a single melodic line by more than one instrument or voice is referred to as playing or singing in

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unison

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instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene

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program music

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in many fugues, the subject in one voice is constantly accompanied in another voice by a different melodic idea called a

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countersubject

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an Italian librettist who collaborated with Claudio Monteverdi to create operas including Orfeo:

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Alessandro Striggio

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A piece that sound fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger composition

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movement

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sets of dance-inspired movements; in the baroque the movements were all written in the same key but differ in tempo, meter, and character

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suites

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the large group of players(as opposed to the soloists) in a concerto grosso

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tutti

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the___ is a compoition in several movements, usually written for chorus, one or more vocal soloists, and instrumental ensemble. the church "version" of this type of composition for the Lutheran service during the Baroque period often includes chorales.

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cantata

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Occurs when a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then is restated immediately by another

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imitation

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a small group of nobles, poets, and composers who began to meet regularly in Florence and who helped to prepare the way for the development of opera in Italy

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Camerata

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A Lutheran hymn tune for congregational use

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chorale

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the form designated as A B A

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ternary

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Musical representation of specific poetic images in the text of a secular song

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word painting

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a common variation form in the baroque in which a musical idea in the bass is repeated over and over again

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basso ostinato

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The "red priest", a virtuoso violinist, and composer of 450 concerti grossi and solo concertos in the Baroque

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Antonio Vivaldi

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In a ____ , a small group of soloists is pitted against a larger group of players

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concerto grosso

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the main theme of a fugue is called the

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subject

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a piece of music composed in such a way that the music is different for each section of text is said to be

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through-composed

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In a _____ one soloist is pitted against a larger group of players.

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solo concerto

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the concerto most often has three movements whose tempo markings are

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fast, slow, fast

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the texture of a single unaccompanied melodic line

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monophonic

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in the baroque, the term which referred to emotional states or moods of music

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Affections

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a bass part together with numbers(figures) that specify the chords to be played above it, characteristic of the baroque :

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basso continuo

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an English composer of the late Baroque who wrote church music, secular choral music, songs, instrumental music, and music for the stage, including his one true opera Dido and Aeneas

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Henry Purcell

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Texture that occurs when one main melody is accompanied by chords when a choir sings in chords moving in approximately the same rhythm

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homophonic