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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the aim of the study?
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To demonstrate that if children were passive witnesses to an aggressive display by an adult they would imitate this aggressive behavior when given the opportunity.
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What was the research method?
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Laboratory experiment
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Who were the participant group? (Participant Group)
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72 boys and girls from Standford University Nursery School (36 boy and 36 girls)
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Who were the Aggressive Group? (Participant Group)
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24 children witnessed an adult being aggressive to a Bobo doll
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Who were the Non-aggressive group? (Participant Group)
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24 children observed an adult playing and ignoring a Bobo doll
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Who were control group? (Participant Group)
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24 participants not witnessing anything
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The participants were split up with what? (Participant Group)
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A same sex model and some with a not same sex model
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What were the independent variables of the study? (Research Method)
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-Condition to which the child was exposed
-Gender of the child -Gender of the model |
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What was the dependent variable of the study? (Research Method)
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The imitative behaviors of the study
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How did they collect qualitative data? (Data Collection)
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They recorded each time the children were aggressive or non aggressive and if they imitated the model or not and the amount of times they did or did not
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How did they record the video? (Data Collection)
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Those recording the data were two independent observers behind a one way mirror.
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What kind of design did this study have? (Procedure)
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Matched pairs design. In the aggressive and non-aggressive condition, 6 boys and 6 girls had an opposite model and a same-sex model
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What happened in Stage 1 of the Study? (Procedure)
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-The children were tested individually
-Taken to the experimental room -Shown to a play area: -A table & chair, potato prints, stickers -The adult model was invited to the opposite corner A table & chair, tinker toys, mallet and a Bobo Doll |
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What was the Non-Aggressive Condition like in Stage 1 in the study? (Procedure)
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The model played with the tinker toys in a quiet subdued manner – ignored Bobo
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What was the Aggressive Condition like? (Procedure)
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The model started to assemble the tinker toys. After one minute turned to Bobo and was aggressive to the doll in a stylized and distinctive way.
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How did the model in the Aggressive Condition physically aggressive towards the Bobo Doll in Stage 1? (Procedure)
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The model raised the Bobo doll and pummeled it on the head with a mallet
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How did the model in the Aggressive Condition verbally aggressive towards the Bobo Doll in Stage 1? (Procedure)
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The model said: "Pow!" & "Sock him in the nose"
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What was Stage 2 about? (Procedure)
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Stage 2 was about Mild Aggression Arousal
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What happened in Stage 2? (Procedure)
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The children were taken to a room with attractive toys, but told that these were the very best toys and she had decided to reserve them for the other children
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Why were the children told not touch the toys in Stage 2? (Procedure)
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This was done to provoke children
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Where did the children go in the Stage 3? (Procedure)
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They were taken to another room with a variety of toys
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What were the non-aggressive toys shown in Stage 3? (Procedure)
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Three bears, crayons etc
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What were the aggressive toys in Stage 3? (Procedure)
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A mallet & peg board, dart guns, etc. & a 3 foot Bobo Doll
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Why did the experimenter stay in the room with the children in Stage 3? (Procedure)
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"otherwise a number of children would either refuse to stay alone, or would leave before termination of the session"
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How long were the children in the room with the toys in Stage 3? (Procedure)
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The children stayed in this room for 20 minutes
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How was the children behavior observed in Stage 3? (Procedure)
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Their behavior was observed by judges through a one-way mirror
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Observations were made at the children at how many intervals in Stage 3? (Procedure)
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Observations were made at 5 second intervals
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The 5 second intervals gave how many observations per child in Stage 3? (Procedure)
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240 observations per child
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The children with the aggressive model made more what? (Results)
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More aggressive actions than the children with the non-aggressive model
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Who were more aggressive, boys or girls? (Results)
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Boys were more aggressive than girls
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Boys showed to be more aggressive when they had a what? (Results)
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A male model opposed to having a female model
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The girls showed more physical aggression if the model was what? (Results)
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Male
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The girls showed more verbal aggression if the model was what? (Results)
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Female
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Male model fit the stereotype, boys follow the aggression of the what? (Conclusion)
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Male model
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Whether or not they child imitates the model is based on the child's development of what? (Conclusion)
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His or her gender identity
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Learning can take place in absence of any (Conclusion)
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Reinforcement
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Aggression can be what? (Conclusion)
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Learned
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This study supports what theory? (Conclusion)
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The Social Learning Theory
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What are the strengths of this study? (Strength)
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-Quantitative data
-Replicable -Control of variables |
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Why could it be demonstrated that the model did have an effect on the child's subsequent behavior? (Strength)
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Because all variables other than the independent variable are controlled (Cause & Effect)
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Why is this study replicable? (Strength)
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Standardized procedures and instructions were used allowing for replicability
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Is the ecological validity of this study high or low? (Weakness)
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Low
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Why does this study have low ecological validity? (Weakness)
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-A limited social situation-no interaction between the child and the model at any point, the child has no chance to influence the model in any way, the model -Unlike 'normal' modeling which usually takes place within the family
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The results of this study were what? (Weakness)
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Measured almost immediately
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How did this study construct validity? (Weakness)
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Maybe the children interpreted their own behavior as play instead of aggression
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How is this study useful?
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Can be applied to parenting to prevent children from copying violent or unwanted behavior
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What is the Social Learning Theory?
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States behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning
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Who were the researchers of this study?
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Bandura Ross
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What perspective does this study lie in?
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Developmental
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