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43 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the two approaches to acid-gas treating?
absorption and chemical reaction
What is the difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines?
# of R groups
What are two advantages of DEA as compared to MEA?
low vap pressure, fewer irreversible products w/h2s
What is a disadvantage of DEA as compared to MEA?
more irreversible w/CO2, may require vacuum distillation
Why might a water wash be added to the top of an MEA absorber?
recover MEA
What is the primary difference of the Split Flow and Basic flow sheets?
only part of streamis stripped to be highly lean
What are four design approaches that we have mentioned for amine acidgas
treating
rule of thumb, approch to equilibrium, equilibrium, rate-based
What is the most widely used computer program for acid-gas
calculations
tsweet or promax
What kind of trays do most modern gas sweetening plants use?
sieve
When is packing used in modern plants?
revamps and special applications
When trayed columns are used, approximately how many are
there?
20
What are typical HETP’s for the absorber and stripper?
absorber 10-12ft stripper 2-3ft
What are the dual purposes of the absorber?
heat exchanger
What is the temperature bulge in an absorber?
due to exothermic reaction
How many grains are there in a pound?
7000
How does a Claus plant of today differ from an original design?
Reactor split in 2 combustor & catalytic
What are the temperature ranges for high conversion?
T<700 T>1800
Which of these ranges is preferred and why?
T>1800 runs faster
What are the primary types of the Claus process?
straight through, split flow, sulfur recycle, direct oxidation
What pressure of steam is produced by the furnace boiler?
150-500
What pressure of steam is produced by the catalytic condensers?
50-70
What are the major side products produce by the Claus plant?
CO, COS, CS2
Why does the liquid sulfur need to be treated?
As liquid cools, polysulfides change to H2S and is emitted
In the Shell degasification process, where is the stripper located?
in the sulfur pit
In the Texasgulf degasification process, where is the stripper
located and how much gas is fed?
stripper is above the sulfur pit and no gas is fed
For the SNEA[P] process what is the major disadvantage?
sulfur may be contaminated by the catalyst
What is the primary usage of oxygen-based sulfur plants and why?
debottlenecking since the total gas is significantly reduced
For moderate-level oxygen-based sulfur plants, what is the
consistent attribute?
tip- mixing burners for gas and O2
Why consider isothermal converters for sulfur plants?
obtain almost the same performance as adibatic with less equipment
What is the typical recovery of sulfur in a Claus unit?
97%
What are three processes that use catalytic reaction to extend the Claus
process?
sulfreen, CBA, MCRC
How many converters are typically in large plants using the following
processes: Sulfreen, CBA, MCRC?
sulfreen 3; cma4; cmrc3
What do the abbreviations CBA, MCRC, BSR, MODOP, SCOT represent?
coal bed adsorption, maximum claus recovery concept, beavon sulfur removal, mobil oil direct oxidation process, shell claus off-gas treating
When does the highly exothermic direct oxidation work?
when concentration of H2S is small
What do Superclaus, BSR, SCOT, Selectrox, and MODOP processes have
in common?
They all convers sulfur compounds to H2S and then to elemental sulfur
What type catalyst do the BSR and SCOT process for TGCU use?
BSR cobalt molybendate, scot cobalt molybdenum
At what pressure is LNG typically stored?
1 atm
How can LNG burn?
@conc btw. 5 and 15
How does liquefaction occur?
@ low T
What are the three ways to form LNG?
Heat Exchanger, expansion in a turbine, throttling
What is the difference between the Linde and Claude Liquefaction
processes?
linde throttles through a valve claude uses an expansion engine
How many temperature levels are used in the Phillips Cascade
Process and what refrigerants are typically used?
3 propane, ethylene, methane
What are CNG and LPG?
compressed natural gas, liquid pet. gas